Page 638 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

624 SECTION VI Drugs Used to Treat Diseases of the Blood, Inflammation, & Gout

DRUGS REMOVED FROM MARKET the manufacturer suggested that use of the drug was associated
FOR LACK OF EFFICACY OR SAFETY: with an increased risk of renal failure, heart attack, and stroke.
APROTININ AND ACTIVATED PROTEIN C A prospective trial was initiated in Canada but halted early
because of concerns that use of the drug was associated with
increased mortality. The drug was removed from the market
Aprotinin is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that inhibits in 2007.
fibrinolysis by free plasmin and may have other antihemor- Drotrecogin alfa is a recombinant form of activated protein
rhagic effects as well. It also inhibits the plasmin-streptokinase C that was initially approved by the FDA in 2001 for reduction
complex in patients who have received that thrombolytic of mortality in adults with sepsis associated with acute organ dys-
agent. Aprotinin was shown to reduce bleeding—by as much function and high mortality. The drug was voluntarily withdrawn
as 50%—from many types of surgery, especially that involving from the market in 2011 after a follow-up study showed no sur-
extracorporeal circulation for open-heart procedures and liver vival benefit in sepsis.
transplantation. However, clinical trials and internal data from

PREP AR A TIONS A V AIL ABLE

GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS
Abciximab ReoPro Eptifibatide Integrilin
Alteplase recombinant [t-PA] Activase Factor VIIa: see Coagulation
Aminocaproic acid Generic, Amicar factor VIIa recombinant
Anisindione Miradon (outside the USA) Factor VIII: see
Antihemophilic factor Alphanate, Bioclate, Helixate, Hemofil Antihemophilic factor
[factor VIII, AHF] M, Koate-HP, Kogenate, Monoclate, Factor IX complex, human AlphaNine SD, Bebulin VH, BeneFix,
Recombinate, others Konyne 80, Mononine, Profilnine SD,
Proplex T, Proplex SX-T
Anti-inhibitor coagulant Autoplex T, Feiba VH Immuno
complex 4F PCC Kcentra
Antithrombin III Thrombate III, ATryn Fondaparinux Generic, Arixtra
Apixaban Eliquis Heparin sodium Generic, Liquaemin
Argatroban Generic Prasugrel Effient
Bivalirudin Generic, Angiomax Protamine Generic
Cilostazol Generic, Pletal Reteplase Retavase
Clopidogrel Generic, Plavix Rivaroxaban Xarelto
Coagulation factor VIIa NovoSeven Streptokinase Streptase
recombinant Tenecteplase TNKase
Dabigatran Pradaxa Ticlopidine Generic, Ticlid
Dalteparin Fragmin Tinzaparin Innohep
Danaparoid Orgaran Tirofiban Aggrastat
Desirudin Iprivask Tranexamic acid Generic, Cyklokapron, Lysteda
Dipyridamole Generic, Persantine Urokinase Abbokinase, Kinlytic
Enoxaparin (low-molecular- Generic, Lovenox Vitamin K Generic, various
weight heparin) Warfarin Generic, Coumadin

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Direct Oral Anticoagulants
January C et al: 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients Drugs Used in Thrombotic Disorders
With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/
American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Furie B: Do pharmacogenetics have a role in the dosing of vitamin K antagonists?
Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;64:e1. N Engl J Med 2013;369:2345.
Li A, Lopes RD, Garcia DA: Use of direct oral anticoagulants in special popula- Kearon C et al: Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Chest guideline and
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Samuelson BT, Cuker A: Measurement and reversal of the direct oral anticoagu-
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Blood Coagulation & Bleeding Disorders
Dahlback B: Advances in understanding pathogenic mechanisms of thrombophilic
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