Page 781 - Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations

Juxtaglomerular apparatus in kidney initiates the renin–angiotensin pathway

to increase blood pressure
Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and increased water retention by
distal convoluted tubules
Increased fluid volume increases blood pressure and inhibits further release
of aldosterone

Cells of zona fasciculata secrete glucocorticoids, of which cortisol and
cortisone are important
Glucocorticoids are released in response to stress, increase metabolism and

glucose levels, and suppress inflammatory responses
Cells of zona reticularis produce weak androgens that influence development
of secondary sex characteristics

Medulla

Cells are modified postganglionic sympathetic neurons that became secretory
Stain with chromium salts and are called chromaffin cells
Medulla cells can be considered as ganglion cells without dendrites and
axons

Action controlled by sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system, not
pituitary gland
Cells contain catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and respond

to stress
Prepares the individual for flight-or-fight response
Cells activate maximal use of energy and physical effort

780