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Signs of Deception 105

Symptoms of deception            Examples                                                Significance
CONSCIOUS, unconscious                                                                   10 = High
or both                                                                                  0 = Low

DELIBERATE AMBIGUITY             Long rambling sentences                                 10

REDUCING THE                     ‘As an aside …’                                         8
SIGNIFICANCE OF A TOPIC          ‘Incidentally …’
                                 ‘By the way …’
                                 ‘I would just like to tell you …’

SUBJECTIVE TRUTHS                ‘When Gordon and I are asked that question, we say      10
                                 there is no secret agreement’
                                 ‘I would have been crazy to do that’
                                 ‘How can you think I did that?’

SELF-DEPRECATION AND             ‘I know you won’t believe this …’                       5
OVER-APOLOGETIC                  ‘I know this sounds incredible but …’
                                 ‘I am not clever enough to lie’
                                 ‘I know you think I am a crook but …’
                                 ‘I know I look foolish’
                                 ‘I know I will fail to convince you’

Projection                       ‘The President of the United States would not do such a 5
                                 thing’

Referral                         ‘As I told Mr Smith, I was not in the room at the time’ 10

Prevarication, especially before ‘I would like to tell the American people, and I will say it 10

a pseudo denial                  again, I did not have sexual relations with …’

Evasion and omission             Various techniques                                      10

Contextual clarification          ‘I don’t know what you expect me to say’                8
                                 ‘How can I answer that?’

Suppression of detail            Unwillingness to falsify a statement                    10

CONCEALMENT

FAILING TO APPEAR                ‘ I would like to see you, but my wife is ill’          8
In effect saying ‘I don’t want   ‘My lawyer has told me not to see you’
to answer questions, because     ‘I have had a heart attack and cannot see you, as much
I have no answer, but I do not   as I would like to help’
want to take the responsibility
for this decision on my own
shoulders’

FAILURE TO ANSWER                ‘I cannot answer that because of the Data Protection    10

Usually by blaming someone Act’

else or through a legitimization ‘It is not company policy to discuss such matters’
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