Page 328 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Landownership Tenancy, and ...

primarily as farming household (petani). We will pay more
attention, therefore, to inter group differentials in major in-
come source rather than overall relative contribution of dif-
ferent activities.

The section begins with an examination of the relation-
ship between sawah ownership class and major sources of
household income, followed by a discussion of tenancy status
and employment structure.

1. Sawah Ownership and Family Income Sources
Multiple employment and income sources, a major theme
of the baseline studies continues to be a dominant pattern.

Nevertheless, the multiplicity of income earning activities
varied significantly between sawah owning class (See Table
23
6.19.). Looking at the first three rows of the table diversifica-
tion of income source is most marked among smaller land-
owners (by far the largest group absolutely) with tiny plots of
less than 0.25 ha of sawah land. At the two extremes, a rela-
tively high proportion of landless and especially landowners
with one hectare or more depended solely on one income
source: the former both in farm laboring and outside agricul-
ture, and the latter as farmers.
Examining the activities in which households from each

23 Income source was broken down into nine major activities: farm-
ing, farm laboring, household industry, manufacturing labor, con-
struction, transport, trade, services and white collar or profes-
sional jobs. Within each group, especially farming, a household
may undertake a range of activities which were not picked up by
the broad categories used here to define income source.

259