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نادﻮـــــﺴﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔـــــﻋارﺰﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ بﺮــــﺤﻟا ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
4. Regional Agricultural Damage

Darfur Region: Total agricultural infrastructure collapse,
especially in Nyala, Kutum, El Fasher, and Zalingei. Markets and
storage facilities were destroyed, and farms were either burned
or abandoned.
Kordofan Region: Production of sesame and sorghum in El
Obeid, Um Rawaba, Al-Rahad, and Abu Zabad came to a halt due
to ongoing con�lict.
Blue Nile Region: Rain-fed agriculture suffered due to scattered
�ighting, and farmers lost access to markets due to insecurity
and transportation issues.
Gedarif State: Although less affected militarily, production and
trade declined due to disrupted supply chains and lack of �inanc-
ing.
5. Collapse of Agricultural Markets and Value Chain
Sudan’s central agricultural markets have been catastrophically
impacted, resulting in the collapse of the entire agricultural
value chain from production to storage and marketing due to
insecurity, road blockages, cash shortages, and banking collapse.
6. Government and Institutional Response
Since the outbreak of war in Sudan in April 2023, the agricul-
tural sector has entered an unprecedented phase of decline, Despite the war, some limited government efforts have emerged:
directly affecting food security, livelihoods, and the national Ministry of Agriculture: Launched initiatives to distribute seeds
economy. Agriculture, which represents the backbone of Sudan’s and seedlings in safer areas (e.g., Kassala, Sennar, parts of White
economy and provides employment for more than 70% of the Nile) in coordination with aid agencies.
population, has been dealt severe blows due to infrastructure Ministry of Irrigation: Conducted partial rehabilitation of irriga-
destruction, farmer displacement, and lack of funding and tion canals in Gezira (notably in Al-Housh and Al-Huda) to revive
supplies. minimal operations.
Major Agricultural Projects Affected Ministry of Finance: Provided limited seasonal funding through
the Agricultural Bank, although the banking system collapse and
Sudan’s �lagship agricultural schemes, such as the Gezira
branch closures hindered execution.
Scheme, have suffered direct damage due to �ighting and Agricultural Bank of Sudan: Offered small-scale seasonal �inanc-
looting. The scheme, one of the largest irrigation projects in
ing in select stable areas, meeting less than 15% of national
Africa, has seen its infrastructure including irrigation stations
and canals devastated. Agricultural machinery and equipment agricultural demand.
International cooperation: FAO and WFP supported emergency
from nearby villages such as Abu Quta, Muslimiya, Al-Housh,
Kamlin, and Hilaliya were looted by the Rapid Support Forces seed and tool distributions, but access challenges and insecurity
(RSF) during their control of the area. It is estimated that less limited impact.
than 30% of the scheme is currently operational, mostly due to
grassroots farmer efforts. Conclusion
Other major projects affected include: The war in Sudan has caused massive destruction across the
Rahad Scheme: Fully halted. agricultural sector, and created an unprecedented disruption to
Suki Scheme: Operating at less than 20% capacity. food production and distribution. While the crisis is ongoing,
Gash and Tokar Deltas: Hampered by lack of funding and restoring agriculture will require comprehensive rebuilding of
labor. infrastructure, �lexible �inancing, substantial international
Kenana Sugar Project: Running in a limited fashion due to support, and long-term security. The hope for reviving Sudan’s
local security arrangements. agricultural potential lies in peace and community-driven recov-
Projects in White Nile State: Active but in decline due to
ery.
reduced demand and transportation disruption.
Table – Status of Key Agricultural Markets Post-War
2. Devastated Villages and Farms – The Gezira Case
In Gezira, the heartland of irrigated agriculture in Sudan, exten-
sive looting and destruction occurred in surrounding villages
such as:
Muslimiya , Wad Al-Naeem ,Hilaliya ,Abu Quta, Al-Housh Al-Aw-
sat , Arbaigi
Farm machinery, harvesters, solar power units, and crop
storage facilities were stolen or destroyed. Thousands of
farmers were displaced, disrupting entire production cycles.
3. Decline in Overall Agricultural Production
Sudan has witnessed a severe drop in the production of both
food and cash crops due to the war. Key statistics include:
Sorghum production dropped by 60% in the 2023–2024
season compared to the previous year.
Wheat production fell by over 70% due to the collapse of irriga-
tion in Gezira and other schemes.
Sesame and groundnut yields dropped by 50–65% due to
halted production in Kordofan and Darfur.
Thousands of livestock heads were lost to looting and drought
in Darfur and Kordofan.
Export-oriented crops such as sun�lower, hibiscus, and cotton

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