Page 47 - IPCoSME 2021

1 INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND MARINE ENVIRONMENT 2021
st
(IPCoSME 2021)
“Environmental Sustainability Enhancement Through the Collaboration of Sciences”

RE-04

IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM THE FRUITS OF
VITEX ROTUNDIFOLIA AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

1
1
MUHAMMAD ANIQ HAMZAH MOHD AZMI , NURUL LAILI ROSLI , SUVIK
3
ASSAW , MOHD EFFENDY ABD WAHID AND NOOR WINI MAZLAN 1,2*
1,2

1 Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia
3 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. 21030, Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

*Corresponding author email: noorwini@umt.edu.my

Abstract: Over the years, natural based drugs have been considered as one of the most

important aspect in pharmaceutical industries due to the presence of the secondary metabolites
which give nutritional and medicinal values to the plant. Coastal plant Vitex rotundifolia, or

also known as beach Vitex was traditionally used to treat various diseases and exhibited

different various pharmacological properties. In this study, the secondary metabolites and
biological activities from the crude extract of V. rotundifolia fruits were investigated.

Fractionation and isolation of the methanolic crude extract V. rotundifolia fruits used
chromatographic techniques to give 10 major fractions. Only fractions F8, F9 and FF showed

potent antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging assay with 50% of inhibition
concentration (IC50) values of 0.831 mg/mL, 0.651 mg/mL, and 0.687 mg/mL, respectively.

Meanwhile, the evaluation of antibacterial activity on the fractions used agar-disk diffusion

method. Amongst tested fractions, fractions F3 and F5 showed potent antibacterial activity on
Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 0.625 mg/mL

and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Thus, isolation of the secondary metabolites gave four pure

metabolites 1-4, and their molecule structures were identified using one and two- dimensional
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1D & 2D-NMR) including casticin (1), p-

hydroxybenzoic acid (2), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3) and vitexilactone (4) (Figure 1). In
conclusion, the results from this study show that the fruit extract of V. rotundifolia give potent

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