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years	ago,	long	before	Facebook,	a	band	with	an	underground	following	figured
this	out.	Here’s	what	Jerry	Garcia	said	about	the	Grateful	Dead’s	followers:

      There’s	a	lot	of	that	stuff	with	people	bringing	their	kids,	kids	bringing	their
      parents,	 people	 bringing	 their	 grandparents—it’s	 gotten	 to	 be	 really
      stretched	out	now.	It	was	never	my	intention	to	say,	this	is	the	demographics
      of	our	audience.	It	just	happened.
	
   Tom	 Bihn,	 a	 bag	 manufacturer	 from	 Seattle,	 Washington,	 gives	 us	 a	 similar
idea:	 “We’re	 consistently	 and	 pleasantly	 surprised	 by	 the	 diversity	 of	 our
customers.	 People	 have	 a	 natural	 desire	 to	 categorize	 and	 quantify,	 but	 we’ve
always	 felt	 doing	 so	 with	 our	 customers	 would	 be	 pointless.	 They’re	 students,
artists,	 businesspeople,	 teachers,	 scientists,	 programmers,	 photographers,
parents,	 designers,	 farmers,	 and	 philanthropists.”	 (Read	 more	 of	 Tom’s	 story	 in
Chapter	13.)

                     Changing	the	“Who”

	
A	busy	working	mother	from	Hudson,	Ohio,	Kris	Murray	saw	an	opportunity	in
helping	child	care	providers	run	their	businesses	more	effectively.	For	years	she
dutifully	worked	at	building	relationships	one	by	one	with	day-care	centers,	only
to	 get	 frustrated	 with	 their	 low	 prices	 and	 lack	 of	 interest	 in	 developing	 the
business.

   Despite	 the	 challenges,	 Kris	 knew	 it	 could	 be	 a	 good	 business.	 Families	 will
always	 need	 child	 care,	 and	 child	 care	 providers	 are	 usually	 more	 focused	 on
providing	 quality	 service	 than	 on	 managing	 the	 business	 side	 of	 things.	 How
could	 Kris	 break	 through	 with	 a	 successful	 offer,	 and	 how	 could	 she	 boost	 her
income	 as	 she	 served	 her	 clients?	 The	 early	 days	 were	 discouraging.	 She	 was
exhausted,	overwhelmed,	and	ready	to	quit.

   Then	 something	 changed.	 First,	 she	 streamlined	 her	 services,	 making	 them
more	 oriented	 to	 what	 her	 clients	 clearly	 wanted—she	 learned	 to	 give	 them	 the
fish.	 But	 the	 second	 change	 was	 also	 important.	 In	 Kris’s	 words,	 she	 found	 a
way	to	“change	the	WHO”:	the	clients	she	worked	with.	Many	day-care	centers
were	 microbusinesses	 themselves,	 run	 by	 one	 or	 two	 people.	 Although	 these
centers	 may	 provide	 good	 child	 care,	 they	 tend	 to	 be	 wary	 of	 investing	 in
services	and	therefore	aren’t	the	best	fit	for	Kris’s	consulting	practice.
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