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early	search	engines	would	read	certain	elements	of	a	web	page	called	metadata.
These	elements,	such	as	meta-keywords,	meta-descriptions,	and	page	titles,	are
not	always	visible	to	a	user.	The	first	wave	of	search	engines	would	simply
search	for	these	elements	on	a	web	page	(i.e.,	“crawl	the	web	page”)	and	rank
the	search	results	based	on	the	meta-content	of	the	websites.

At	first	glance,	this	sounds	like	a	logical	approach.	However,	web	marketers
started	to	figure	out	how	to	cheat	the	system.	They	would	put	high	traffic	words
like	“baseball”	in	their	meta-keywords	just	to	attract	traffic	to	their	website.	Over
time,	these	tactics	became	known	as	“black	hat”	tactics.	As	these	tactics	became
more	popular	and	people	became	pros	at	“tricking”	the	search	engine	into
ranking	their	website	for	a	given	term,	the	relevance	of	the	search	results	to	the
original	search	terms	declined	substantially.	The	core	value	of	search	engines
was	being	compromised.

Then	Google	came	along.	When	devising	its	search	engine,	Google	asked,
“What	attribute	of	a	website	can	we	use	to	automatically	determine	the	website's
relevance	and	authority?”	Its	conclusion	was	“inbound	links.”	An	inbound	link	is
a	hyperlink	on	another	website	that	directs	back	to	your	website.	I	am	sure	you
have	seen	many	hyperlinks.	They	look	like	this:	www.yourwebsite.com.	Google
figured	that	if	a	website	had	a	lot	of	other	people	linking	to	it,	the	website	being
linked	to	must	be	pretty	important.	It	is	really	hard	to	wake	up	one	day,	start	a
website,	and	immediately	convince	thousands	of	people	to	link	back	to	it.	To
make	the	algorithm	even	more	effective,	Google	was	also	able	to	factor	in	the
importance	of	the	website	that	was	linking	back	to	your	website.	For	example,	a
link	from	the	Wall	Street	Journal	would	be	thousands	of	times	more	impactful
than	a	link	from	your	16-year-old	nephew's	personal	blog.

In	addition	to	the	quality	and	quantity	of	inbound	links,	the	rise	of	social	media
has	caused	Google	to	factor	social	media	influence	into	the	algorithm.	If	your
blog	articles	are	often	retweeted	in	social	media,	if	your	company's	Twitter
account	has	lots	of	followers,	if	your	company's	Facebook	page	has	lots	of	fans,
Google	will	pay	attention.	Just	like	inbound	links,	it	is	hard	to	fake	a	large
following	and	lots	of	engagement	with	your	content.	If	lots	of	people	follow	you
and	lots	of	people	share	your	content	across	social	media	channels,	Google
figures	there	is	a	good	chance	you	are	a	thought	leader	on	a	given	topic	and
ranks	you	prominently	in	the	search	engine	results	for	that	topic.

In	a	nutshell,	that	is	how	search	engines	work.	You	need	lots	of	inbound	links.
You	need	lots	of	social	media	authority.	You	cannot	fake	your	way	through	it.
You	need	to	build	your	websites	authentically.	If	you	accomplish	these	goals,
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