Page 83 - pharma 1 theoretical updated MNU_Neat

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

1. Diphenyl alkylamines 2. Benzothiazepines
EX: Verapamil EX: Diltiazem
Only approved in the United States. Only approved in the United States.
➢ Least selective of any calcium
channel blockers ➔effects on both
Selectivity ➢ affects both cardiac and
cardiac and vascular smooth muscle vascular smooth muscle ➔but
cells. less pronounced negative

➢ treat angina, supraventricular inotropic effect on the heart
tachyarrhythmia,
uses compared to that of verapamil.
➢ Prevent migraine and cluster
headaches.

➢ constipation (effect on blood vessels
(↓ blood flow to GIT + inhibition of

Ca influx in the muscle) ➔ 10% of
patient.
➢ First-degree atrioventricular (AV)
block (block conduction) [↓ ca influx

➔ ↓ contractility of heart] ➔ should Favorable side effect profile.
S/E
be avoided in patients with CHF or
with AV block due to its negative

inotropic (force of cardiac muscle
contraction) and dromotropic
(velocity of conduction) effects

[Dose-dependent common side
effects of verapamil]

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