Page 37 - phytochemistry II -pharmD general
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Coniine has been used as a local analgesic , mostly in external preparations, due
to its high toxicity. It is used as an ointment for treatment of hemorrhoids and
anal fissures.
Pyridone alkaloids
OCH3
CN
NO
CH3
Ricinine ( alkaloid)
Source: Castor seeds
The cake left after the expression of the oil contains about 0.2% ricinine.
Toxicity Ingestion causes nausea, vomiting, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis,
hepatic and renal damage. Also convulsions, coma, hypotension, respiratory
depression, and death.
Ricin (toxic protein): the main toxic principle of castor seeds
Quinoline alkaloids
Source: More than 25 alkaloids have been isolated from the bark of
Cinchona species , family Rubiaceae
• The 4 major alkaloids in cinchona are two pairs of stereo isomers :
(-) quinine, (+) quinidine,
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