Page 11 - Pharmaceutics III_ 02-06-01304_Fall 2025_ Pharm D_Electronic book

• Better Powder Flow: The resulting granules have better flow properties than the original
powders, aiding in processes like filling and packaging .

• Reduced Segregation: By aggregating the fine powders, the risk of segregation is
reduced .

• Reduced Dusting: Granules generate less dust compared to fine powders .

Powders vs. Granules Comparison

Feature Powders Granules

Particle Size Fine particles, typically $0.1$ to Small grain (larger size), typically in
$10$ microns . the $0.2$ to $4.0~mm$ range in
manufacturing, and in the 4- to 12-
mesh sieve size range[cite: 456,
458, 578].

Poorly flowable . This can cause Good flowability . They "walk

Flowability poor flowability during the filling smoothly" in machines and are less

step of manufacturing[cite: 231, likely to cause poor flowability

317]. problems[cite: 444, 523, 529].

Stability Physically and chemically less More stable . They are more
(Physical/Chemical) stable . They are more moody in resistant to humidity and less likely
humid weather[cite: 445]. to harden when exposed to
liquids[cite: 445, 524, 526].

Dust Generation Produce more dust . Produce less dust[cite: 578, 530].

Prone to segregation during Less likely to segregate due to being
aggregates of fine particles[cite:
Mixing & Segregation mixing due to particle size and 527].
density differences[cite: 145,

147, 196, 316].

Production Process Easy production process . Complex production process
(involves granulation techniques
like wet or dry methods)[cite: 496,
578].

Topical Application Can be applied to the body Cannot be applied to the body in
externally (e.g., dusting this form . They feel rough .
powders)[cite: 347, 578]. They
are smooth to the touch .

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