Page 22 - Pharmaceutics III_ 02-06-01304_Fall 2025_ Pharm D_Electronic book

• The upper and lower punch heads have the same shape and dimensions as the tablet:
o If the tablet is round → the punch head is concave
o If the tablet is flat → the punch head is flat

Steps of Tableting
1. Filling

• Place the powder or granules in the hopper.
• The feed shoe moves toward the die to fill the cavity with powder.
• The feed shoe moves back, removing any excess powder.
2. Compression
The upper punch descends into the die to compress the powder against the stationary lower
punch.
3. Ejection
The upper punch rises, the lower punch moves upward to eject the tablet from the die cavity.
At this point, the feed shoe moves in to knock the tablet out of the machine and the lower punch
moves down, ready for the next cycle.

Tablet Ingredients
A. Active Ingredients
One or more therapeutic components.
B. Excipients (Additives)
I. Affecting Compression Characteristics

1. Diluents
2. Binders
3. Anti-frictional agents

o a) Lubricants
o b) Glidants
II. Affecting Biopharmaceutics or Physical Properties
1. Disintegrants
2. Coloring agents
3. Flavoring agents
4. Sweeteners

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