Page 35 - Pharmaceutics III_ 02-06-01304_Fall 2025_ Pharm D_Electronic book
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o Vaginal tablets (pessaries).
o Implantation tablets (subcutaneous or intramuscular).
Common Tablet Defects:
A. Mechanical defects:
1. Capping: partial or complete separation of the top or bottom of tablet.
Causes: trapped air, worn punches, high speed, low moisture, excessive lubrication.
2. Lamination: splitting into layers.
Causes: over-compression, rapid decompression, low moisture.
3. Cracking: small fine cracks on tablet surface.
Causes: too dry granules, improper binder, large tablet size.
4. Chipping: breaking of tablet edges.
Causes: worn dies, poor handling.
B. Appearance defects:
1. Mottling: unequal color distribution.
Causes: dye migration, insoluble dye, uneven mixing, drug–excipient incompatibility.
2. Double impression: punches pick up design twice.
Causes: free rotation of punch.
C. Weight & content uniformity defects:
• Non-uniform die fill due to poor flow.
• Segregation of granules.
• Inadequate mixing.
D. Functional defects:
1. Hardness variation: due to pressure differences.
2. Poor disintegration: excess binder or lubricant, improper granulation.
3. Low dissolution: same causes as poor disintegration.
Quality Control of Tablets:
1. Appearance: color, shape, surface.
2. Average weight: according to BP limits.
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