Page 45 - Dosage 1-part2 -ebook_Neat

30/10/2025, 00:02 Pharmaceutical Solutions & Sterile Dosage Forms

Requirements for ideal suspension for injection (IM, SC as depot): 42/77

The use of appropriate particle size (PS) and adjusting the viscosity (ease of injection).
Any sediment should be readily dispersed upon shaking to give stable formulations.
The PS range of suspended matter should not change with time and ensure the correct dose
to be withdrawn and injected.
Sterility (they can't be sterilized by terminal filtration; use of sterile API and aseptic
processing is required).

Drawbacks:

Caking.

Syringeability (Characteristics of the suspension while drawing it into the syringe)
Ease of withdrawal from the container into the syringe, clogging and foaming tendency
and accuracy of dose measurement.

2.3 Emulsions

Only (O/W) emulsions, used for IM and IV injections

Their use as IV dosage forms has been limited ?!! Because emulsions can cause pyrogenic
reactions and haemolysis and also require autoclave sterilization in addition to their inherent
physical instability.

Particle size should be less than 3 µm to prevent embolism.

Total body nutrition is often administered as an IV emulsion to enable coadministration of both
water and oil soluble materials (Total Parenteral Nutrition, TPN)

IV fat emulsion usually contain 10% oil.

Fat emulsions yield triglycerides that provide essential fatty acids and calories during TPN of
patients who are unable to absorb nutrients through GI tract.

IV lipid emulsions are usually administrated in combination with dextrose and amino acids in the
aqueous phase.

2.4. Dry powders

They are formulated for drugs that are unstable in aqueous medium (e.g. antibiotics)

Upon reconstitution, they yield solution or suspension conforming in all requirements for the
specific injection.

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