Page 37 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

• The most commonly used membrane filter has a pore size of
0.22μm and 0.45μm.

• The solution is pulled or forced through the filter and is
collected in previously sterilized containers.
• Sterilization of heat-sensitive solutions in laboratories and
industries).

2- HEPA Filters

A high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter

• Sheets of glass microfibers separated and supported
by corrugated sheets of Kraft paper or aluminum.
• Filters can remove up to 99.997% of particles

>0.3mm in diameter.
• Can remove the majority of harmful particles,
including mold spores, dust, dust mites, pet dander

and other irritating allergens from the air.
• Used in sterilization of air in

- Industrial processes

- Biosafety cabinets

- Air purifiers

Ultrasonic vibration
• Remove microbes from the surface of instruments and teeth

• Utilizes high frequency sound waves to generate "shock
waves" that are conducted through living structures or

liquids.
• This leads to the rupture of microbial membranes and
their removal from surfaces
• Uses:

- clean surgical and dental instruments before the
terminal sterilization.

- Clean Teeth, pacemakers.

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