Page 57 - MNU-PM503 Parasitology practical book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Parasitology and virology (PM503)

2- Giardia intestinalis

Cyst:

a- Oval.

b- Size: 10X5 u.

c- Double-walled.

a- 4 nuclei at one pole.

b- Remnants of axostyles and

parabasal body.

Definitive host - Man.

Reservoir host - Dogs, rodents, birds, sheep, cattle and pigs

Infective stage - Four nucleated cyst

Mode of infection ❖ Ingestion of mature cysts in fecally contaminated
food, water, or hands
Diagnostic stage - Cyst and trophozoite

Site of localization - Duodenum, upper jejunum, bile ducts and gall

bladder

Diagnosis

• Symptoms, history, epidemiology are used in diagnosis. Giardia caused

dysentery is distinct from other dysenteries due to lack of mucus and blood in

the stool, lack of increased PMN leukocytes in the stool and lack of high fever.

• Cysts in the stool and trophs in the duodenum can be identified microscopically

®
after content has been obtained using a string device (Enterotest ).
51