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CHAPTER VII

PASSIVE VOICE

A. Definition of Passive Voice
Passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence
receives the action of the verb, rather than performing it. The focus shifts from the doer to
the recipient of the action. Sentences in the passive voice are formed with a form of the
verb "to be" plus a past participle (V3).
B. Formula of Passive Voice
Times Tenses Active Voice Passive Voice
S + V1 + ANA S + am/are/is + V3 + by + ANA
Simple
I eat fried rice. Fried rice eaten by me.
S + is/am/are + Ving + ANA S + am/are/is + being + V3 + by +
My mother is driving the red ANA
Progressive
car every day. The red car is being driven by my
Present mother every day.
S + have/has + been + V3 + S + have/has + been + V3 + by +
Perfect ANA ANA

Perfect S + have/has + been + Ving + S + have/has + been + being + V3 +
Progressive ANA by + ANA
Simple S + V2 + ANA S + was/were + V3 + by + ANA
S + was/were + Ving + ANA S + was/were + being + V3 + by +
Progressive ANA
Past
Perfect S + had + V3 + ANA S + had + been + V3 + by + ANA
Perfect S + had + been + Ving + ANA S + had + been + being+ V3 + by +
Progressive ANA
Simple S + will + V1 + O S + will + be + V3 + by + ANA
S + will be + Ving + O S + will + be + being + V3 + by +
Progressive
ANA
Future S + will + have + V3 + O S + will + have + been + V3 +by +
Perfect
ANA
Perfect S + will + have + been + Ving S + will + have + been + being + V3
Progressive + O +by + ANA
S + would/should + V1 + S + would/should be + V3 + by +
Simple
ANA ANA
S + would/should + Ving + S + would/should + be + being + V3
Progressive
Past ANA + by + ANA
Fure S + would/should + have been S + would/should + have been + V3 +
Perfect
+ V3 + ANA by ANA
Perfect S + would/should + have been S + would/should + have been being
Progressive + Ving V + ANA + V3 + by ANA
Modals
(Present)

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