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Mansoura National University
            Pharm D-Clinical Pharmacy Program                 Level 1             Pharm. Anal. Chem. 1 (PC 101)


                           ➢  Titration of the sample with the prepared standard solution and
           2nd Step
                               observation of the E.P.


           3rd Step        ➢  Calculation of the sample concentration (refer to practical course).



               Remember
                          Molar Concentration                           Normal Concentration

                              (Molarity) (M)                                (Normality) (N)
                    It is the number of moles of solute         It is the number of equivalent weights
                         per 1 liter of the solution              of solute per 1 liter of the solution


                 M =                                                     N =                               .                                  
                                                                                                                     
                 How to calculate “Number of                   How to calculate “Number of Equiv.
                 Moles”?                                       Wts”?










                   •  If the equivalent weight and molecular weight are the same, the solution
                       has the same N&M.

                   •  We use Normality when discussing solutions especially acids and bases.

                         HCl + NaOH →   NaCl + H 2O
                          acid    base          salt      water


                     Quiz

                                                                                        +
                   •  If I had 100 mL of a 1 M HCl acid, how many moles of H  would I have?
                                                                                         -
                   •  If I had 100 mL of a 1 M NaOH, how many moles of (OH)  would I have?





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