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MEASURING A PROJECT’S BENEFITS


            AND COSTS (RELEVANT CASH FLOW)



            Annual cash Flow after tax (the differential cash flows
            over the project’s life)



            Cash Flow That Occur throughout The Useful Life of the Project.

            Example If The Project Lasts For 5 Years Refer To The Annual Cash
            Flows That We Will Receive Or Pay From Year 1 To Year 5.


                           Benefits                                     Costs
           Increase in sales                          Increase in electricity expense

           Decrease in labour costs or                Increase in maintenance expense
           salaries

           Decrease in cost of defects                Increase in advertising expense
           Decrease in operating expenses             Increase in operating expense



            How to calculate Annual cash Flow after tax
                                                              Profits           Cash flow

           Benefits :
                Increase in revenue                             xx                   xx

                Decrease in cost of defects                     xx                   xx
                                                               xxx                  xxx

           Less : cost
               Increase in operating expenses                  (xx)                 (xx)
                                                                xx                   xx

           Less : increase in depreciation
                                                               (xx)                 (xx)

                                                                xx                   xx
           Net profit before tax                                xx                   xx

           Less: taxation (28%)                                (xx)                 (xx)
           Net profit after tax                                 xx
           After tax differential cash flows                                        xxx
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