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252 Part 3 • Organizing
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European Journal of Operation- 2007; “Hewitt Study Shows Pay- “Are Annual Performance Reviews (June 2009): 503–36; M. Rotundo,
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1599–607; and L. Atwater and J. Holiday Bonuses,” December 6, ees’ Work?” USA Today, Septem- ett, “A Meta-Analytic Review of
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back Right,” Harvard Business up the Slack,” Hewitt Associates, Piggy Bank Is Fat for Retirement,” harassment.cfm, April 24, 2015.
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Attitudes Toward a 360-Degree pliance Guide,” Employee Benefits zational Melting Pot: Dilemmas of cal Model,” Journal of Applied
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Development Activity,” Journal Benefits, Survey Shows,” Wall 2001, 783–84. Down on the Increasing Sexual
of Occupational and Organiza- Street Journal, June 6, 2002, D2. 47. L. Dishman, “These Are the Harassment by E-Mail,” Wall
tional Psychology (March 2002): 41. See, for example, R. E. Catalano Companies Winning the Race Street Journal, September 21,
87–107. and D. L. Kirkpatrick, “Evaluat- to Increase Diversity,” http:// 1999, A1; and A. Fisher, “After
35. This section based on R. I. Hender- ing Training Programs: The State www.fastcompany.com/3045438/ All This Time, Why Don’t People
son, Compensation Management of the Art,” Training and Develop- these-are-the-companies-winning- Know What Sexual Harassment
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M. J. Simmering, “Compensa- agement Journal (February 2000): force Diversity,” Cornell Hotel Pont Company Documents (1999–
tion Policy and Organizational 101–12. and Restaurant Administration 2000), http://www.dupont.com/
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Operational and Financial Im- and B. Gray, “When Layoff Sur- 49. U.S. Equal Employment Oppor- Pont Announces 2000 Dr. Martin
plications of Pay Levels and Pay vivors Become Layoff Victims: tunity Commission, “Charge Al- Luther King, Days of Celebration,”
Structure,” Academy of Manage- Propensity to Litigate,” Human leging Sexual Harassment: FY DuPont Company Documents,
ment Journal (December 2003): Resource Planning, January 2001, 2010–FY 2014,” http://www1.eeoc http://www.dupont.com/corp/
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and J. E. Delery, “Pay Disper- 44. S. Berfield, “After the Layoff, the sexual_harassment_new.cfm? html (January 11, 2000).
sion and Workforce Performance: Redesign,” Business Week, April renderforprint=1. 63. It should be noted here that under
Moderating Effects of Incentives 14, 2008, 54–56; L. Uchitelle, 50. Ibid. the Title VII and the Civil Rights
and Interdependence,” Strate- “Retraining Laid-off Workers, 51. N. F. Foy, “Sexual Harassment Act of 1991, the maximum award
gic Management Journal (June but for What?” New York Times Can Threaten Your Bottom Line,” that can be given, under the Fed-
2002): 491–512; E. Montemayor, Online, March 26, 2006; D. Tour- Strategic Finance (August 2000): eral Act, is $300,000. However,
“Congruence between Pay Policy ish, N. Paulsen, E. Hobman, and 56–57. many cases are tried under state
and Competitive Strategy in High- P. Bordia, “The Downsides of 52. “Federal Monitors Find Illinois laws that permit unlimited punitive
Performing Firms,” Journal of Downsizing: Communication Mitsubishi Unit Eradicating Ha- damages.
Management vol. 22, no. 6 (1996): Processes and Information Needs rassment,” Wall Street Journal 64. J. W. Janove, “Sexual Harassment
889–908; and L. R. Gomez-Mejia, in the Aftermath of a Workforce (September 7, 2000): A8. and the Big Three Surprises,”
“Structure and Process of Diversi- Reduction Strategy,” Manage- 53. L. J. Munson, C. Hulin, and F. HR Magazine, November 2001,
fication, Compensation Strategy, ment Communication Quarterly, Drasgow, “Longitudinal Analysis 123–30; and L. A. Baar and J.
and Firm Performance,” Strategic May 2004, 485–516; J. Brock- of Dispositional Influences and Baar, “Harassment Case Proceeds
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and G. E. Ledford Jr., “Success an Antidote to the Negative Ef- 2000): 21. Takes on How Employers Handle
and Survival of Skill-Based Pay fects of Layoffs on Survivors’ 54. B. Leonard, “Survey: 10% of Worker Harassment Complaints,”
Plans,” Journal of Management Organizational Commitment and Employees Report Harassment Wall Street Journal, April 13,
(February 2005): 28–49; C. Lee, Job Performance,” Administra- at Work,” HR Magazine, October 2006, D1.
K. S. Law, and P. Bobko, “The tive Science Quarterly, 49 (2004): 2010, 18. 66. See, for instance, P. W. Dorfman,
Importance of Justice Perceptions 76–100; and E. Krell, “Defusing 55. “Nichols v. Azteca Restaurant En- A. T. Cobb, and R. Cox, “Inves-
on Pay Effectiveness: A Two- Downsizing,” Business Finance, terprises,” Harvard Law Review, tigations of Sexual Harassment
Year Study of a Skill-Based Pay December 2002, 55–57. May 2002, 2074; A. J. Morrell, Allegations: Legal Means Fair—
Plan,” Journal of Management 45. And the Survey Says box based on “Non-Employee Harassment,” Or Does It?” Human Resources
vol. 26, no. 6 (1999): 851–73; G. “Find the Sharpest Needle in the Legal Report (January–February Management, Spring 2000, 33–39.
E. Ledford, “Paying for the Skills, Stack,” HR Magazine, June 2012, 2000): 1. See also S. Lim and L. 67. These examples taken from S.
Knowledge and Competencies of 16; J. Yang and P. Trap, “If You M. Cortina, “Interpersonal Mis- J. Wells, “Does Work Make You
Knowledge Workers,” Compensa- Started a Job and You Didn’t Like treatment in the Workplace: The Fat?” HR Magazine, October
tion and Benefits Review, July– It, How Long Would You Stay?” Interface and Impact of General 2010, 26–32; R. King, “Slim-
August 1995, 55–62; and E. E. USA Today, June 11, 2012, 1B; J. Incivility and Sexual Harassment,” ming Down Employees to Cut
Lawler III, G. E. Ledford Jr., and Yang and P. Trap, “Do You Use Journal of Applied Psychology Costs”; C. Tkaczyk, “Lowering
L. Chang, “Who Uses Skill-Based Social Networking Sites to Re- (May 2005): 483–96. Health-Care Costs,” Fortune, No-
Pay and Why,” Compensation and search Candidates?” USA Today, 56. Although the male gender is re- vember 23, 2009, 16; and A. W.
Benefits Review, March–April June 5, 2012, 1B; J. Yang and A. ferred to here, it is important to Matthews, “When All Else Fails:
1993, 22. Gonzalez, “Top Actions Workers note that sexual harassment may Forcing Workers into Healthy
38. J. D. Shaw, N. Gupta, A. Mitra, Feel Are Grounds for Termina- involve people of either sex or the Habits,” Wall Street Journal, July
and G. E. Ledford Jr., “Success tion,” USA Today, May 7, 2012, same sex. (See, for instance, On- 8, 2009, D1+.
and Survival of Skill-Based Pay 1B; L. Weber,” Little Time for cale v. Sundowner Offshore Ser- 68. J. Tozzi, “U.S. Health-Care
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39. Information from Hewitt Associ- March 21, 2012, B8; J. Yang and P. 57. See also A. M. O’Leary-Kelly, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/
ates Studies: “As Fixed Costs In- Trap, “Top Reasons Why Someone L. Bowes-Sperry, C. A. Bates, articles/2015-02-18/u-s-health-
crease, Employers Turn to Variable Hired Would Not Work Out in the and E. R. Lean, “Sexual Harass- care-spending-is-on-the-rise-
Pay Programs as Preferred Way to Position,” USA Today, October 26, ment at Work: A Decade (Plus) of again, February 18, 2015; and