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Modern Geomatics Technologies and Applications

3.3.2. Proximity to rivers

Proximity to rivers increases the flood risk. In this study, the proximity to the rivers layer in the GIS environment has been
prepared.

3.3.3. Rainfall

In this study, the rainfall map of the entire Urmia lake basin for 2018 has been prepared using the Meteorological Organization
data in the GIS environment. The precipitation layer was prepared by using the Kriging interpolation method.

3.3.4. Soil type
Soil texture and porosity play an essential role in water permeability and retention. Soils with low permeability increase the flood
potential of the area.

3.3.5. Landcover

In this paper, the landcover product [15], available in the Google Earth Engine, has been used.

3.3.6. Soil moisture

Soil moisture is an important parameter that has a significant effect on runoff during floods. In this study, the soil moisture data
of the SMAP satellite with a spatial accuracy of 10 km have been used.

3.3.7. NDVI

Vegetation reduces the flow rate by creating a barrier against water movement on the ground and increasing water infiltration
into the soil. In this study, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) layer was prepared from MODIS satellite images.

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