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1st Int. Transborder Conf. of the Timor Island: Timor %u2013 Science without borderDili, 7-8 May 2025136Mindfulness-Based Intervention and Brain Plasticity in Psychiatric Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With-Relevance to Transborder Mental HealthHamdin P. Ilmi, Kristina S. Indus and Maria N. TriwardaniFaculty of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana, Jl. Adisucipto no 10, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia.Corresponding author: bahrulilmiabdurahman@gmail.comAbstractMental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD continue to pose major global health burdens, particularly in underserved and transborder regions where access to mental health care is limited. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs), including Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), are gaining attention for their potential to promote psychological healing and induce neuroplastic changes. Neuroimaging studies suggest that MBIs may influence brain structure and function, particularly in regions associated with emotional regulation and stress response. Despite promising findings, no systematic review has yet synthesized evidence on the neurobiological effects of MBIs specifically in psychiatric populations. This review aims to examine the effects of MBIs on brain plasticity among individuals with psychiatric disorders and explore their relevance for transborder mental health settings, such as the Indonesia%u2013Timor Leste border. A systematic literature searchis being conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies include peer-reviewed articles involving psychiatric populations, mindfulness-based interventions, and neuroplasticity outcomes measured via neuroimaging or neurophysiological tools. Study selection follows PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and risk of bias is assessed using the ROBINS-I tool for nonrandomized studies. Data extraction and synthesis are managed using Review Manager (RevMan). Initial findings indicate potential improvements in prefrontal connectivity and reductions in limbic hyperactivity following MBIs. This review is expected to highlight the neuroplastic impact of MBIs and their potential as low-cost, culturally adaptable interventions in regions with limited access to conventional neurological services. Keywords: Mindfulness, Neuroplasticity, Transborder Health.