Page 15 - Natural Pesticides PDF Flipbook

Oguh et al.; AJBGE, 2(3): 1-18, 2019; Article no.AJBGE.53356

similarly to the old nerve poisons that result from chemical, and then it must be structurally
knocking-down, rapid intoxication, lack of identical to a naturally occurring chemical. Minor
coordination, paralysis and death, and have differences between the stereochemical isomer
higher affinity to insect receptors than to ratios (found in the naturally occurring compound
mammalian. The other insecticides affect specific compared to the synthetic compound) will
systems, such as the molting processes, normally not rule out a chemical being classified
metamorphosis and the insect endocrinology as a bio-rational unless an isomer is found to
system. All the bio-rational or low-risk have significantly different toxicological
insecticides have relatively low detrimental effect properties from those of another isomer. Thus,
on the environment and its inhabitants, and have application of active toxic bio-rational agents as
little or no adverse consequence for non-target an alternative control strategy results in an urge
organisms, thus rendering them among important to look for environment-friendly, biodegradable
components in IPM program [12]. and easily available at affordable prices products
for pest’s control.
4.1 Scope of Biopesticides
4.2 Regulations of Bio-rational Pesticides
Efforts have been made to find bio-rational
insecticides with novel modes of action and have The philosophy and approach to the regulations
no cross-resistance with the old insecticides. of bio-rational pesticides shall require registrants
Biopesticides are a distinct group, inherently to obtain clearance from the expert's committee
different from conventional pesticides. They are prior to the registration of the products. In
comprised of two major categories, the regulating bio-rational pesticides, it shall be
biochemical pest control agents (e.g., recognized that these kinds of pesticides are
pheromones, hormones, natural plant growth inherently different from conventional pesticides
regulators and enzymes) and the microbial pest and will take due consideration that many
control agents (e.g., microorganisms). Pesticides classes of biopesticide control agents might pose
to be included in these categories must be lower potential risks than conventional pesticides.
naturally occurring, or if man synthesizes the The most important inherent difference

Fig. 6. Mode of action of natural pesticides

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