Page 155 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

2-Anthranol and anthrone

They are reduced form of anthraquinone.

Upon oxidation, or during storage of crude drugs:

Anthranols →Anthraquinones (by oxidation).

Tests for identity:* Borax test : Extract + borax → Green fluorescence

* Modified borntrager , s test

e.g: Chrysarobin :

Use: Keratolytic in cases of psoriasis and skin dermatitis.

3) Oxanthrones: Rarely found

4) Dianthrones

They are derived from two anthrone molecules which may be identical (e.g. two rhein anthrone
moieties .... and called Homo-dianthrone) or Different (e.g., one rhein anthrone linked to one

aloe-emodin-anthrone moiety……and so called Hetero-dianthrone).

Homo - Dianthrones (Dimers of two similar anthrone moieties)

One of the best-known examples is senna that contains sennoside (A or B) derived from molecule
of glucose and molecules of rhein-anthrone. On hydrolysis, sennoside (A or B) yields the

corresponding aglycones sennidine (A or B). Each sennidin molecule (A or B) is formed of two
rhein anthrone moieties .

Hetero-Dianthrones

(Dimers of two different anthrone moieties)

Beside sennoside A and sennoside B, senna contains sennoside C and sennoside D, which are the

glycoside of genins, named sen nidin C and sennidin D, built up of a rhein anthrone + an aloe -
e modin anthrone .

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