Page 222 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

• Isolation: due to the basic nitrogen, methyl anthranilate can be isolated by shaking with dil

HCl or dil H2SO4 . The formed sulfate is crystallized on cooling, recrystallized from
alcohol and the ester is regenerated by treatment with NaOH or KOH.

• Identification:

• By physical examination of the characteristic blue-violet fluorescence

• Uses: Antifungal

VI- Acids

• Some essential oils contain few free acids e.g. citronellic acid (in citronella oil and geranium
oil) Salicylic acid, and p-anisic acid and many free acids are detected in water of cohobation of
many oils, most likely due to hydrolysis of some esters. Some of these acids are aliphatic,
alicyclic or aromatic.

Tiglic and angelic acid possess a wide use in synthetic chemistry.

VII- Aldehydes & Ketones

Identification & Determination (Estimation) of Aldehydes & Ketones in Volatile Oils
A. Addition reactions:
1. Reaction with sodium bisulfite (for aldehydes):

R- CHO + NaHSO3→ RCH(OH)SO3Na (crystalline derivative → m.p.)

The product is decomposed by heating with (dil) acid or Na2CO3
R R
OH

O NaHSO 3
H H SO 3 Na
Aldehydes reacts with NaHSO3 to form water soluble aldehyde-NaHSO3 adduct and go to the
aqueous layer, reducing the volume of the oily layer which could be measured using cassia flask
with a graduated neck.

VII- Aldehydes & Ketones

Identification & Determination (Estimation) of Aldehydes & Ketones in Volatile Oils (continue)
A. Addition reactions:

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