Page 122 - BBLP ejournal2018.docx

วารสารเทคโนโลยีชีวภาพการผลิตปศุสัตว์

Introduction

Species identification of animal product using molecular technology is currently an important

issue for food authenticity since incorrect labeling of origin may have negative consequences such

as food allergy, religion aspect, and illegal mixed cheaper meat to the products, etc. (Ghovvati et
al., 2009). Species detection is also involved in wildlife management in order to define the animal

species (Li-Chin Tsai et al., 2007) which endangered species are illegally killed. Both food

authentication and protection of biodiversity require reliable and accurate methods for determining.

Moreover, species identification is one of significant steps in the genetic traceability system of food

process (Hobbs, 2004; Smith et al., 2005; Schwagele, 2005). Recently, many studies focused on

the development of DNA based technology to differentiate the species of the animals (Bottero et al.,

2003; Dalmasso et al., 2004) including the advantage of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

technology. PCR method can be used to amplify small amount of specific DNA target sequences in

a short period of time faster than other methods such as polypeptide identification or protein analysis
including electrophoretic, immunological, mass-spectrometric and chromatographic techniques since

the protein will degrade rapidly after animal died or being cooked. (Gouli et al., 1999). Among of

selected genes, Cytochrome b (cyt b) gene, one of the most mitochondrial (mt) genes which differs

five- to tenfold of DNA copies higher than nuclear genes, is used for identifying animal species. This

gene is found in all vertebrates and does not undergo recombination, enables closely related species

to be differentiated and identified (Matsuda et al., 2005). Kocher et al. (1989) reported universal

primers which could be used to amplify a wide range of vertebrate species. Although these
researches had been done on several kinds of animals, there was no report of animal species

identification using multiplex PCR technique that included the 6 animal species which were targeted

in this study.

The purpose of this study is to develop a molecular method, based on cyt b gene, multiplex

PCR technique to identify the 6 species of animals (cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, chicken and pig) as

mainly food source in Thailand.

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