Page 57 - 2020 Nov 30 Christie's Hong Kong Important Chiense Works of Art
P. 57
UNIVERSAL LIGHT FROM A WESTERN SAGE:
NOTES ON A GOLD SAL TREE PAINTING
Luo Wenhua
In the 45th year of Qianlong period (1780), the sixth ⡾Ӣ⾾Ϝ䢲ᄑᑽᓢᵨ䣀
Panchen Lama attended the emperor’s 70th birthday
celebration in Beijing. The Panchen Lama's eastern tour ખח੦㕹ட⟕៉ॱ⡃
was an event of national importance and from the moment ⟕ᐷ⬹
the decision was made, there were many interactions
between the two heads of states and their ministers, and later ᐅ೫ښḵ㡗⊝②
numerous gifts were exchanged. This sal (sala in Sanskrit)
tree painting is one of the important artefacts that marked
this historical event.
Գ㪏୨ࢦՆჺ卻 ჺ卼卿᫈ٿԳ㪏ႽӮࢦⶃ卿ݪ
This sal tree painting is executed using the carved-ink ӽↄ◲ഌჇӶ㙭ⶃ㞑㙊ἃݯ▴ǯↄ◲ែリᛓ᳖ង
technique whereby ink of the indigo paper is cut away and ⎏㞒㇝㕘இഌԿԠӬ卿⯇ᇖↄ◲ӬリᮛԠᛞ㑌卿
infilled with gold paint. It is a hanging scroll framed in blue-
ground brocade, consistent with other Buddhist works made ा⯀Ԡ㧿Մ࡚㯟⥝卿ӶᙷՄ㐩◶⁒ǯ㘺։⧲᧦எལ
in the Palace workshop. Measuring 218 cm. high and 101 ᛓ㌴㘺ٖटԿ։⎏㞒㇝ᙔ⁒ԠӬǯ
cm. wide, it depicts a sal tree growing between two rocks,
surrounded by flowering plants. The tree has a gnarled trunk ⧲᧦எ卿ಳߴಃ㞖卿⛁㕻卿ս⻤⥫㞖⤋ἃㅧ㚒卿
splitting into two branches bearing verdant leaves. The trunk ݰᝳ༈ᅡ⻦۔דᘰ⎏ㅛㅧ⁞㿽ǯ⥍ 㞕⟬卿ᨕ
and branches are infilled with gold paint, and the leaves
are either painted in outlines only or infilled. The painting 㞕⟬卿⊺㬷ヿ→ԻӬᣩ⧲᧦ᇖݦ౩څྒྷ⒢㧿⊂߅卿
style of the rocks has Chinese influences. Professor Patricia ॶஉᝳ׆Ⳟক㫓Ɽǯ᧦ჾ⏎⽨卿ӳߎݦ៨卿ӳ៨᧦
Berger interprets the two rocks – one large and one small ⥝ⲧǯ៨কჾᙼᆭ卿Ꮅᙼᆭ卿Ꮅۣࡷࡘ㖥ᅃ卿սಫ
– as symbolising the Buddha and his disciple the Panchen
Lama in conversation, an interesting reading that imbues the ࠼⛁㵲ᘤ៧卿㖥ᅃ⤇࣡㞒卿⩧ݦ㚒⠢⤤⎏څྒྷ⒢ヿ→
painting with further connotations. Իᶴ۔⢴ǯ⎊⇧㬃卻1BUSJDJB #FSHFS卼ᘰᓄཆݯ㈛㍡ἃ
The sal tree (shorea robusta) in India is a symbol intimately ݦ౩څྒྷ⒢卿Ӭ౩ഌ卿Ӭ౩☸ཎ卿Ǹशݤᆜᝢ卿ལ۬
associated with Buddhism. It represents the forests in which 㞐㘔⁋ཪדকձங۔ᯧᅾຽↄ◲㯫‰ᇪཪ᫈ஙՒ㋄Ӭ
the Buddha entered parinirvana, one of the eight holy places
᧙ǹ卿㐋ԽԻᝤ㎒༛⎏㈛㍡ݤǯ
in Buddhism. Additionally, one of the Buddhas of the past,
the Visvabhu Buddha, also attained enlightenment under
ࣇᄟ⧲᧦卻ᐹӭ㊥厍4IPSFB SPCVTUB卼ᛓדᘰዪঀࢦ
a sal tree. The sal tree is also known as the ‘seven-leaf tree’,
since its leaves are digitate with seven leaflets. However, only ߎ㎒༛⎏㎜ᇨ⁒ǯדᘰ۔⢴ԋ卿⧲᧦ᜡᑨᑈླྀ㚣இ
two upper leaves on the current painting are depicted with 卻,VTJOBHBSB卼⎏⧲᧦៣卿୬ד㩜ங⧲᧦៣ԋᱯᦏ
seven leaflets, while others have more.
⩧ⶬल卿ྏד⎏ݨഌ⪛㒝ԠӬǯ㐇ࡄדԠӬ⎏ᬚ⯣᱙
There is a seal impression Guxitianzi zhi bao (Treasure of ד卻7JTWBCIV卼卿࣊㙞ࣸӮדԋ⎏✄ӲדԮᛓங⧲᧦
the Son of Heaven at seventy) in-between the branches. ӴᎰ㙣ǯ⧲᧦Ԯ♑ἃ㫐᧦卿Ꮢս⊺ԋ⎏⧲᧦ᝳߎ
This seal was commissioned especially for the emperor’s
70th year birthday. On the right side of the painting there ឥǯࢶងս卿⧲᧦Ԯᝪㄴ♑ἃӮ᧦卿ൈᆨ卿
are two seals yu heqi you (Extending like harmonious qi) and ᬔិӮ‷ǯ⊺ԋ᧦Ꮀិ卿गᝳӳᙹݦិἃӮ卿ݯ
yijing miao kanhui (Quietude makes the mystery fathomable).
㱛पិᙇഅ㑖㙞Ӯ卿㰆᮱ᝳ㙾ᇠ۔⢴எ۬ໝ⎏
On the left side there is a rectangular seal shebi ouzhi jixian
(Dabbling in brushwork at occasional leisure). Above the ᴽߺǯ
sal tree there are inscriptions in Chinese, Tibetan, Manchu
ங᧦៨ᨕᙢԠ㧿卿ᝳӬ៦㩽ᙔᙹࣇǸऒ☮ຽԠ༾ǹǯ
and Mongolian, each followed by a circular seal Qian and
a square seal Long. At the lower left corner there is a seal ᫉ࣇཇἃ▴㏫㵶Ӯࢦ⊂ᚚ⩧ㅳǯ⊺㬷ठڬᝳӬ៦
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