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were serving as medical advisors to the ASO, which led
            to the Joint Scientific Session at the annual meeting of
            the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO).
              “Though I was not an ocularist in 1971, it was
              the year that introduced me to the profession.
              I lost my left eye due to an ice hockey accident in
              November of 1971. My first artificial eye was made
              by Joe LeGrand, Sr. in December of that year. The
              ASO was something I would not find out about for
              another four years, but this was my first glimpse
              into the profession.”                           Figure 9. Joe Soper
              —Walter Johnson
              In 1972, at the Annual Joint Meeting with the AAO,                     Figure 10. Joe LeGrand, Sr.
            it was decided by the ASO Board of Directors and
            members to elect board members for two-year terms,
            allowing for better coordination of policy and activity
            planning. Joseph “Joe” Soper was elected as the first
                                                         1
            ASO President to begin the two-year cycle (Figure 10).
            This was also the first year that Joseph LeGrand, Sr.
            became the editor of the first publication of Today’s
            Ocularist, a journal-like booklet devoted to ocularists’   Figure 11. John Kelley, Sr.
                                                2
            unique problems and solutions (Figure 9).  From 1981
            to1995, the publication was known as The Journal of
            the American Society of Ocularists, then from 1996 to   by taking ocular anatomy courses when offered by
 Figure 4. Charlie Erickson   the present day, it has been published as The Journal   teaching hospitals.
 and Mrs. Erickson.  of Ophthalmic Prosthetics. The exchange of ocularistry   For the next 15 years, the workload of the ASO Ed-
            information has now been in print for 48 years. 7  ucation Committee fell primarily on the shoulders of
                                                              John J. Kelley Sr. and Chuck Workman. Both men were
              “It is no coincidence that the leadership of the ASO
              in the early 1970s led to sustainable growth for the   great motivators and recruiters of volunteer talent for
              future of the organization. Ocularists who were   the society. New, younger members were encouraged
              sitting on the fence decided they needed to be part   from the beginning to get involved with the ASO. For
              of this group.”                                 many, it became a type of competition. Following the
              —Walter Johnson                                 formation of the National Board of Ocularist (NEBO)
                                                              in 1980, the ASO Education leaders were collaborating
              At the 1973 mid-year meeting of the ASO in Aca-  with professional psychometricians.  Over the years,
                                                                                             6
            pulco, Mexico, President Joe Soper established several   improvements were made with ASO Education, but
            committees, and appointed chairs for each. The most   it was not until the late 1980s under the direction of
            important committee created at that time was the   Mark Soper, Dan Acosta, and Randy Trawnik that test
            Education Committee. It was initially chaired by John   writing, exam taking, and grading procedures were
            J. Kelley, Sr. (Figure 11) who appointed committee   greatly improved.
            members Chuck Workman, Lee Allen and Fred Lewis.
            The Education Curriculum has been previously been    “In 1975, I attended my first ASO fall meeting in
            detailed by John Kelley Sr. in Today’s Ocularist 1972   Dallas, Texas. This is where I was first introduced
            (Winter Edition).  The first courses for credit were   to many members. Including Chuck Workman,
                          4
            offered that fall at the annual meeting in Dallas,   who was a past ASO president and a very import-
            Texas. These course credits went towards a diploma in   ant member of the Education Committee. At this
            ocularistry, which required one hundred and seven-   time, the ASO Education Committee offered several
            ty-five course credits to obtain. Immediately following   study-at-home courses, where you would take the
            presentations at the conference were tests that were   test when you attended the meeting. My employer
            graded by peers. Around this time, the Education     and mentor, Joe LeGrand Sr., encouraged me to
            Committee encouraged members to earn extra credit    participate to add to my ASO education. Chuck

            JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC PROSTHETICS        ASO FROM 1970 THROUGH 1980; A DECADE OF PROGRESS   |  23
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