Page 9 - CASA Bulletin 2022, 9(6) 特刊 (1)

CASA Bulletin of Anesthesiology

很久的历史。术中应用穴位注射治疗呃逆的成功案例也有。具体做法是：先确定穴位的位置，做

好标记，常规用皮肤清毒液做无菌消毒皮肤，垂直进针，深度大约 1.5 厘米，进针后患者有酸麻
重胀的感觉，注射后拨针，再压抑迫片刻。大部分文献都是注射足三里穴位来治疗顽固呃逆，也
有一些注射合谷穴位的成功报道。常用的注射药物包括：氯丙嗪，Vitamin K。

八，总结

呃逆是一种突然膈肌和肋间肌不自主收缩导致突然声门的吸气和闭合。正常人中呃逆十分常
见，它有多种病因。术中呃逆可能由以下原因引起：麻醉技术和/或麻醉药物，以及其它药物。喉

罩气道可能导致术中呃逆，发病率估计在 1-5%。术中呃逆可以通过药物治疗：抗胆碱能药物阿
托品、咪达唑仑、质子泵抑制剂和氯丙嗪等。它也可以通过非药物处理：胃部抽吸以减少胃部积
液积气，穴位注射，局麻药阻断膈神经，枕下松解术，和星状神经节阻滞。所有治疗策略都是试
图阻断呃逆反射弧。

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