Page 8 - History of Psychology

Philosophical research is research whose approach emphasizes more on the

spiritual aspects that exist in humans. Philosophical methods are:
Intuitive method, namely research is carried out intentionally or not with
experience and see the latest situation or event and conduct an assessment of
individual morals.
The contemplative method, which is contemplating the object to be studied
with experience.
Religious philosophical method, which uses religious materials to examine the
human person.

While empirical research is a more objective research based on data. This method
includes:
Longitudinal - cross-sectional, where longitudinal research is carried out by
comparing changes in research subjects within a certain time span. While cross
sectional, studying the dynamics of the relationship or the correlation of the

factors that have an impact.
Experimental and non-experimental, where the experimental method observes
or gives treatment to a subject under certain conditions or conditions. While
the non-experimental method takes data without artificial conditions or under
certain conditions.
Methods that can be used in collecting research data include observation,
interviews, questionnaires and psychological tests.

Discussion Questions

Discuss about functions of psychology!
Describe how both of empirical research and philosophical research would
explain how we know about psychology!

Time : 90 minutes
Methods : Presentation and Discussion

Material : https://bit.ly/3fpf1wh

Assigment : Search for a research article in psychology
and identify the research methods in it.

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