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192 √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√

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Õ—ß°ƒ…°—∫¿“…“‰∑¬¡’À≈—°‰«¬“°√≥å ·≈–°“√ºŸ°ª√–‚¬§Õ¬à“߇¥’¬«°—π μ√ß°—π¢â“¡

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Õ—ß°ƒ…Õ¬Ÿàπ—Èππ÷°‡π◊ÈÕ§«“¡‡ªìπ¿“…“‰∑¬·≈â«·ª≈‡ªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… §”μàÕ§” ª√–‚¬§

μàÕª√–‚¬§ ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…∑’Ë·ª≈ÕÕ°¡“π—Èπ®÷߇ªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…æ—π∑“ß ‡æ√“–‰¡à¡’™“«
Õ—ß°ƒ…查‡™àππ—Èπ Õ“∑‘‡™àπçªî¥πÈ”∑’ πÈ”‡μÁ¡‚Õàß·≈â«é ´÷Ëߧπ‰∑¬¡—°®–查‡ªìπ¿“…“

Õ—ß°ƒ…«à“ çClose the water, the water is full.é ´÷Ëß™“«Õ—ß°ƒ…‰¡à查°—π ·μà‡¢“

®–查«à“ çThe jar is full. Please turn off the tap.é πÕ°®“°∑’Ë°≈à“«¡“π’È ¿“…“‰∑¬
°—∫¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…¬—ß¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ß∑’Ë ”§—≠Õ’°À≈“¬¥â“π¥â«¬°—𠇙àπ „π∑“߉«¬“°√≥å

‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˬ“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ”À√—∫π—°»÷°…“‰∑¬ §◊Õ ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß articles “¡§” §◊Õ a, an ·≈– the

∑—Èßπ’ȇæ√“–‡√“‰¡à¡’§”¥—ß°≈à“«„π¿“…“‰∑¬‡≈¬ Õπ÷Ëß ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëßà“¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·μà‡√“¡—°®–‡º≈Õ‡√Õ
°Á§◊Õ §”æÀŸæ®πå∑’ËμâÕß‡μ‘¡ s ¢â“ß∑⓬ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ‡√“°Á¡—°®–≈◊¡‡μ‘¡ s ¢â“ß∑⓬§”°√‘¬“

„πªí®®ÿ∫—π°“≈ ”À√—∫ª√–∏“π´÷Ë߇ªìπ∫ÿ√ÿ…∑’Ë “¡¥â«¬

¡’ªí≠À“„π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢Õߧ”∫“ߧ”„π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…∑’ˉ¡à¡’„π¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡™àπ

μ—« th μ—« v ·≈–μ—« z ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√¬“°≈”∫“° ”À√—∫§π‰∑¬∑’Ë®–ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕß

∫“ߧ√—Èßμ—«‡¥’¬«°—π Õ¬Ÿà„π∑’ËÀπ÷ËßÕà“πÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷ËßÕà“πÕ’°Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß ‡™àπ
çthé „π∫“ß°√≥’μâÕßÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß th ´÷Ëß¡’‡ ’¬ß ç´÷¬åé ¥—߇ ’¬ßº÷Èß∫‘π·ΩßÕ¬Ÿà¥â«¬ Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë

‡√’¬°„π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…«à“ ça hissing soundé

μ—«Õ¬à“ß this, that, the, them, they, there, these ·≈– those.

„π∫“ß°√≥’ μâÕßÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß çthé Õ¬à“߇¥’¬« ‡™àπ thank, thought, three, think,

thousand, threat, thrust ·≈– thunder.

·μà„π∫“ß°√≥’ th Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡À¡◊Õπ t ∏√√¡¥“

‡™àπ Thomas, Thompson, Thames ·≈– Thailand.

μ—«Õ—°…√ çsé ∫“ߧ√—Èß ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßÕ¬à“ß çshé „π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… À√◊Õ§≈⓬ ç©é

„π¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡™àπ sure ·μà∫“ߧ√—ÈßÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ç´÷¬åé ¥—߇ ’¬ßº÷Èß∫‘𠇙àπ is ·≈– sounds