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410                  √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√




                        Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∫∑π’ȉ¥â√—∫°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß¡“‡ªìπ≈”¥—∫´÷Ëß°Á¥’¢÷Èπ¡“°

                 ‚¥¬‰¥â¡’°“√∫—≠≠—쑇æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡„π«√√§ Ú «à“:

                        ç‡Õ° ‘∑∏‘Ïμ“¡«√√§Àπ÷Ë߉¡à§ÿ⡧√Õß ¡“™‘°ºŸâ°≈à“«∂âÕ¬§”„π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡∑’Ë¡’°“√

                 ∂à“¬∑Õ¥∑“ß«‘∑¬ÿ°√–®“¬‡ ’¬ßÀ√◊Õ«‘∑¬ÿ‚∑√∑—»πå À“°∂âÕ¬§”∑’Ë°≈à“«„π∑’˪√–™ÿ¡‰ª
                 ª√“°ØπÕ°∫√‘‡«≥√—∞ ¿“·≈–°“√°≈à“«∂âÕ¬§”π—Èπ¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªì𧫓¡º‘¥∑“ßÕ“≠“

                 À√◊Õ≈–‡¡‘¥ ‘∑∏‘„π∑“ß·æàßμàÕ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ´÷Ëß¡‘„™à√—∞¡πμ√’À√◊Õ ¡“™‘°·Ààß ¿“π—Èπé

                        ·¡â°√–π—Èπ°Á¥’ À“°‡ªìπ°“√°≈à“«À¡‘Ëπª√–¡“∑∫ÿ§§≈¿“¬πÕ°„π∑’˪√–™ÿ¡√—∞ ¿“

                 ‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â¡’°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥∑“ß«‘∑¬ÿ°√–®“¬‡ ’¬ßÀ√◊Õ«‘∑¬ÿ‚∑√∑—»πå  ¡“™‘°√—∞ ¿“°Á¬—ß¡’
                 ‡Õ° ‘∑∏‘ÏÕ¬Ÿà ∫ÿ§§≈¿“¬πÕ°‰¡àÕ“®ªÑÕß°—πÀ√◊Õª°ªÑÕß ‘∑∏‘¢Õßμπ‰¥â πà“®–¡’°“√·°â‰¢

                 °ÆÀ¡“¬„π‡√◊ËÕßπ’È„Àâ§ÿ⡧√Õß ‘∑∏‘¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈¿“¬πÕ°„π∑ÿ°°√≥’ ‰¡à«à“®–¡’°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥

                 À√◊Õ‰¡à°Áμ“¡ √«¡∑—ÈßμâÕß¡’°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë®–√—°…“§«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õߪ√–‡∑»„Àâæâπ®“°Õ—πμ√“¬
                 Õ—πÕ“®‡°‘¥®“°°“√·∂≈ߢâÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ßÀ√◊Õ°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õß ¡“™‘°√—∞ ¿“¥â«¬

                 °“√·°â‰¢∑’Ëπà“æ‘®“√≥“∑“ßÀπ÷Ëß°Á§◊Õ °“√·°â‰¢μ“¡·π«∑“ߢÕß√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠¢Õߪ√–‡∑»

                 Õ—ß°ƒ…„π‡√◊ËÕ߇¥’¬«°—ππ’È μ“¡∑’˪√“°Ø„π The Bill of Right, 1688 ¡“μ√“ ˘ ´÷Ëß®√‘ßÊ
                 ·≈â«¡“μ√“ ˘ ¢Õß°ÆÀ¡“¬©∫—∫π’È°Á‡ªìπ∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇√◊ËÕ߇հ ‘∑∏‘Ï¢Õß ¡“™‘°√—∞ ¿“∑’Ë

                 ª√“°Ø„π√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠¢Õ߇√“∑ÿ°©∫—∫ π—∫·μàªï ÚÙ˜ı ‡ªìπμâπ¡“ ·μà√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠¢Õ߇√“
                 ‰¥â§—¥≈Õ°Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È¡“‰¡à§√∫∂â«π


                        ¡“μ√“ ˘ ·Ààß The Bill of Right, 1688 ∫—≠≠—μ‘«à“:

                        燠√’¿“æ„π°“√°≈à“«À√◊Õ°“√Õ¿‘ª√“¬„π∑’˪√–™ÿ¡¢Õß√—∞ ¿“π—Èπ‰¡à§«√∑’Ë®–∂◊Õ
                 ‡ªìπªí≠À“∑’Ë®–øÑÕß√âÕß„π»“≈¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡À√◊Õ∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ„¥πÕ°√—∞ ¿“é (That the freedom

                 of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be

                 impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament)

                        °“√∑’ˇ√“§—¥≈Õ°∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘¢Õß√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠Õ—ß°ƒ…¡“μ√“π’È¡“‚¥¬≈–‡«â𧔫à“

                 çπÕ°√—∞ ¿“é π’È ‰¡à«à“®–‚¥¬μ—Èß„®À√◊Õ‰¡à°Áμ“¡ ∑”„À⇮μπ“√¡≥å¢Õ߇√◊ËÕßπ’Ⱥ‘¥‡æ’Ȭπ
                 ‰ªÕ¬à“ß√⓬·√ß °àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬·°à∫ÿ§§≈¿“¬πÕ°‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¡“° „π√—∞ ¿“

                 ¢ÕßÕ—ß°ƒ…π—Èπ  ¡“™‘°√—∞ ¿“‰¡à¡’‡Õ° ‘∑∏‘Ï‚¥¬‡¥Á¥¢“¥·μàÕ¬à“ß„¥ ·¡â ¡“™‘°®–‰¡à∂Ÿ°

                 ¥”‡π‘π°“√øÑÕß√âÕß„π»“≈ ·μà°ÁμâÕß√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫μàÕ§≥–°√√¡“∏‘°“√∑“ß«‘π—¬¢Õß√—∞ ¿“
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