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Chapter 5: Mitigation Measures

Mitigation of impacts is the stage to determine the possible preventive, remedial or compensatory
measures for each of the adverse impacts identified. The measures for mitigation include:

i. Prevention: A careful wildlife management and rescue plan should be considered and
modified to suit new or existing development master plans during the project planning or
designing stage based on several aspects such as ecology and biodiversity.
ii. Control: Introducing mitigating measures on wildlife during three development phases;
pre-construction, construction and operations, particularly road construction, clear-cutting,
land clearing, and others.
iii. Rehabilitation: Compulsory remedial actions (reforestation) such as planting, treatment,
cutting of climbers and others.
iv. Compensation: Compensation for loss or damages to be made by the resettlement of
inhabitants, loss of traditional forest, enhancing species and ecology, relocation of endangered
species, improving water quality and wetlands ecology for fishes or others, and socio-cultural
aspects.

Important Elements of Mitigation

In outlining mitigation measures for possible impacted wildlife, it is important to analyse and
evaluate the potential impact by biodiversity inventory in construction area and its surroundings.
The degree of mitigation measures may vary depending on the type of project and area.
Therefore, it is crucial to develop a linkage process among project activities, predicted impacts
and appropriate measures.

Natural measures by controlling land conversion and minimising the disturbance could guarantee
better survival of protected or endangered species and the ecosystem as a whole. Furthermore,
residual impacts also need to be clearly identified.

Implementation of Mitigation Measures

Project Proponent or Consultant needs to know that the mitigation process is not only to control
but also to prevent by changing the project design or development. Consultants must advise the
Project Proponents to ensure project implementation and mitigation measures work
simultaneously.

The Project Proponent shall agree and fully commit in initiating the proposed mitigation works to
implement the report’s recommendations. Wildlife Department (PERHILITAN) can enforce and, if
necessary, prosecute Project Proponents who do not comply with the approval conditions of the
WMP or who disobey the regulations gazetted under the Wildlife Conservation Act 2010.

Examples of mitigating measures for selected significant impacts predicted in the proposed area
during the pre-construction, construction and operation phase are outlined in Table 4.2.

30 GUIDANCE DOCUMENT FOR PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION OF WILDLIFE
MANAGEMENT PLAN (WMP) IN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)