Page 127 - Think 4. Teacher's Book B2

Unit 12
Off the beaten track Grammar; Vocabulary

Warmer
Do a brief review of the passive.
Write these sentences on the board: GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Passive report structures Geographical features
1 Only 2% of the ocean floor has 1 Find and underline the sentences in the article 3 Match the words with the photos. Write 1–8
been explored. which mean the same as 1–5. Then complete the in the boxes.
rule with written, past or present.
2 Villagers are being asked to protect 1 People believe that they were drawn 1,500 to 1 bay | 2 canyon | 3 dune
the land. 2,500 years ago. 4 glacier | 5 mountain range
2 People think that the sea will disappear completely 6 reef | 7 volcano | 8 waterfall
3 It’s easy to think that everything in the next 50 years.
that could be discovered already has 3 Experts believe that this ancient glacier is thousands
been. of years old.
4 We know that the Dead Sea has sunk over 24 metres
Ask: What do these sentences have since the 1980s. A E
in common? (They are all in the 5 People say that the area is losing thousands of acres
of forest every year.
passive.) Ask students to work in
pairs to name the passive forms (1 RULE: An example of a passive report structure is: B F
Thousands of caves are thought to exist in China.
present perfect passive; 2 present We can also say:
continuous passive; 3 modal passive, It is thought that thousands of caves exist in China.
These structures use reporting verbs like say, think,
present perfect passive). believe, know and consider.
If we use a passive report structure to talk about beliefs C G
or knowledge of 6 actions,
we use the correct form of be + past participle of the
1 Before students do the exercise, reporting verb + to + infinitive:
ask: Which of the sentences are She is said to be one of the greatest explorers of all time.
It is said that she is one of the greatest explorers of all time.
facts and which are opinions? (1, If we use a passive report structure to talk about beliefs D H
2, 3 and 5 are opinions; 4 is a or knowledge of 7 actions, 4 Complete each sentence with a word from
we use the correct form of be + past participle of the
fact). During feedback, ask: When reporting verb + to + have + past participle: Exercise 3.
and why do we use passive report Many people are known to have died on the expedition. 1 There’s often snow on the top of a very high
Passive report structures are more often used in
.

structures? (mostly in written 8 e.g. newspaper reports. or more formal language, 2 It can be difficult to run up a
language; to make language more because it’s all sand.
formal; to avoid starting 2 Rewrite the following sentences using passive 3 When water goes over the edge of a

, it often looks white.
sentences with impersonal report structures. 4 A can be dangerous for
ships, because it’s just below the surface of the sea.
subjects such as people or 0 Experts know that Death Valley is the hottest place 5 If a is active, it sometimes
on Earth. Death Valley is known to be the
experts). hottest place on Earth . erupts and can be very dangerous.
1 It is believed that they date back to 1 We believe that the ice in Antarctica is disappearing. 6 It can take a very long time for a

to move even as little

a time between 500 BCE and 500 CE. The ice in Antarctica . as ten centimetres.
2 People say that this cave is 500 metres deep.
2 … it is thought that the sea will not This cave . 7 A is sometimes a good
exist in 50 years’ time. 3 Experts think that most fish in the deep ocean are blind. place for ships to stop, because it’s protected by
land on three sides.

3 The glacier, which is believed to be Most fish . 8 There’s usually a river at the bottom of a
4 We know that the Sahara Desert contained water
18,000 years old … only 5,000 years ago. .
4 … it is known to have sunk over The Sahara Desert . 5 SPEAKING Work in pairs. You have three minutes to
SPEAKING
5 Experts believe that some deep-sea creatures have
24 metres since the 1980s. existed for millions of years. think of as many famous examples of the features
in Exercise 3 as you can. Then compare your ideas
5 … the area is said to be losing Some deep-sea creatures . with another pair.
100,000 acres of forest a year. workbook page 108 workbook page 110
RULE: 6 present 7 past 8 written 112
2 1 is believed to be disappearing 2 is
said to be 500 metres deep 3 in 3 During feedback, say the words for students to repeat and pay attention to the
the deep ocean are thought to be blind long vowel sounds in bay and volcano and the short vowel sound in glacier.
4 is known to have contained water A 6 B 1 C 3 D 2 E 8 F 5 G 7 H 4
only 5,000 years ago 5 are believed
to have existed for millions of years 4 Check/clarify: surface, erupts.
Workbook p108 1 mountain range 2 dune 3 waterfall 4 reef 5 volcano
6 glacier 7 bay 8 canyon
Get it Right! 5 Make the activity into a competition to see which pair has the most famous
been and being features.
Student’s Book p126 Workbook p110
more Activity idea Extension
Write the following verbs on the board. Tell students that they can be used with
Workbook Worksheets the structure it is + past participle + that: agree, announce, believe, calculate,
Grammar p108, Grammar Worksheets claim, consider, discover, estimate, expect, feel, hope, know, report, say, show,
Ex.1–3 12 suggest, think, understand.
Vocabulary p110, Ex.1 Grammar
Vocabulary Extra presentation: Passive In pairs, students write six sentences about their country using some of the
p111, Ex.1–3 report structures verbs in the passive report structure. They should write three sentences that are
Vocabulary true and three that are false. Ask them to share their sentences with another
Worksheets 12 pair and work out which sentences are true and which are false.
T112 Off the beaten track | Unit 12