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                                                    The 19  century m'zuŋ u scramble for Africa
                                                             th
                                                                                            "Veni, Vidi, Vici"


                  Italy was to own what lies north of a line from the intersection of the Tropic of Cancer

                  and the 17th meridian east to the intersection of the 15th parallel north and the 21st
                  meridian east. “

                                                                                         "Berlin Conference"   67
                                                                                                    Wikipedia
                                                          *****
            Imperial British East Africa Company

                  “ The Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEAC) was a commercial association
                  founded to develop African trade in the areas controlled by the British Empire.


                                                           ***
                                                                                      2
                  The IBEAC oversaw an area of about 246,800 square miles (639,000 km ) along the
                  eastern coast of Africa (from modern-day Somalia to modern-day Kenya)

                                                           ***
                  It granted immunity of prosecution to British subjects and allowed them the right to raise
                  taxes, impose custom duties, administer justice, make treaties and otherwise act as the

                  government of the area  “

                                                                         Imperial British East Africa Company   71
                                                                                                    Wikipedia
                                                          *****
            Africa Colonised

                  “ Within a few years, Africa was at least nominally divided up south of the Sahara. By

                  1895, the only independent states were:

                •   Morocco, involved in colonial conflicts with Spain and France, which conquered the
                    nation in the 20th century.

                •   Liberia, founded with the support of the United States for freed slaves to return to
                    Africa.

                •   Ethiopian Empire, the only free native state, which fended off Italian invasion from
                    Eritrea in the First Italo-Ethiopian War of 1889–1896 but was defeated in 1936 during
                    the Second Italo-Ethiopian War
                •   Majeerteen Sultanate, founded in the early 18th century, it was annexed by Italy in the
                    20th century.

                •   Sultanate of Hobyo, carved out of the former Majeerteen Sultanate, which ruled
                    northern Somalia until the 20th century, when it was conquered by Italy.
                  The following states lost their independence to the British Empire roughly a decade after

                  (see below for more information):
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