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96 Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities Smart Cities 97

deployments has been assembled it will be necessary to define the services that
are being delivered by each of the deployments.

Define the Big Picture

Careful planning and preparation for the implementation of a smart city is
particularly important. The type of technologies used include information and
telecommunication technologies that lend themselves to being managed within
a system engineering approach. In developing a plan for the future smart city,
input should be received from a formal system engineering process that devel-
ops a system engineering management plan and a concept of operations for
the smart city. These will help to define the technology framework of the big
picture.
At this point organizational and business model frameworks will also be
prepared that illuminate the shape of the future smart city framework from
these perspectives. These frameworks will join the existing smart city frame-
work and smart city services that have already been delivered to define future
smart city services required. Taking input from the definition of policy objec-
tives, the existing smart city framework, system engineering activities, and a
catalog of smart city services already delivered, it is possible to define a range of
future smart city services that are required to completely address the policy ob-
jectives, preserve legacy investment in technology, and comply with best prac-
tices in system engineering.

Define Implementation Plan
The smart city implementation plan should consist of service evolution, a lega-
cy preservation and phasing plan, a financial plan, a marketing plan, and a risk
management approach. The plan will also identify phase 1 implementations in
terms of the services to be delivered and the programs and projects required to
enable the services. In this step in the service evolution approach the value of
big data and analytics comes to the fore.
Having the data available and analytics defined to understand the effects
of investments provides a solid basis for the development of a smart city frame-
work and as guidance for the service evolution plan. The proposed service evo-
lution defined within the implementation plan will take full account of the
effects of prior investments and make use of advanced data analytics techniques
to gain insight into the likely effects of implementations and service deliveries.
This involves the definition of how a service will be implemented on an
incremental basis within the region. The evolution of the service can be de-
scribed in terms of two dimensions, time and space.
The term space is used as a generic term for simplicity and would in prac-
tice be replaced by a term that relates to the specific service. For example, for the
traveler information service, the space parameter would, in fact, be the number