Page 169 - Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities

150 Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities The Practical Application of Analytics to Transportation 151

• Planning;
• Design;
• Project delivery;
• Operations;
• Maintenance.

Within each stage of the transportation delivery process, a complete per-
formance management approach would include measurement of data, the con-
version of data into information, the development of insight and understand-
ing, and the definition of response and reaction strategies based on the insight
and understanding. This is illustrated in Figure 7.2.
In the first step, data is collected that characterizes the performance of
the mode or modes under consideration. In the second step, the collected data
is converted into information through the aggregation and summarization of
the data. In the third step, insight and understanding is developed based on the
information provided from the previous step. This insight and understanding
could include the identification of new connections and mechanisms. In the
last step, strategies based on the insight and understanding developed in the
previous step are implemented, and the effectiveness of the strategies is moni-
tored using data collection and the rest of the process.
Historically, performance management has been addressed on a mode-
specific basis with freeway management, traffic signals, transit, and freight all
addressed separately. With the advent of smart cities and integrated corridor
approaches, there is a new awareness of the need to coordinate and integrate

Figure 7.2 The performance management process for transportation.