Page 1041 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

Cottonseed Toxicity Chapter | 68 973

VetBooks.ir TABLE 68.2 (Continued) Effects Reference

Dietary Level
Species
lymphoid aggregate formations and
biliary hyperplasia
Chicken # 186 mg/kg/day Fed for 42 days. No adverse effects O ¨ zdo˘ gan M., Wellmann K., Paksuz
(broiler) E. (2012) Effect of gossypol on blood
serum parameters and small
intestinal morphology of male
broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr
(Berl). 96: 95 101
Chicken 1000 mg/kg BW/day Fed for 21 days. Reduced weight Blevins S., Siegel P.B., Blodgett D.J.,
Purified gossypol gain, weight loss, hepatotoxicity et al. (2010) Effects of silymarin on
gossypol toxicosis in divergent lines
of chickens. Poult Sci. 89:
1878 1886
Ducks The threshold for adverse effect on Fed for up to 21 days. Effects Zeng Q.F., Yang G.L., Liu G.N.,
growth of gossypol after 7 and 14 included hepatotoxicity, reduced et al. (2014) Effects of dietary
days of exposure were 32.20 (total weight gain gossypol concentration on growth
gossypol) and 2.64 mg/day (free performance, blood profiles, and
gossypol), and 92.12 (total hepatic histopathology in meat
gossypol) and 9.62 mg/day (free ducks. Poult Sci. 93:2000 2009
gossypol), respectively
Fish (tilapia) 0.11% 0.44% in the diet Fed for 16 weeks. Decreased Garcia-Abiado M.A., Mbahinzireki
Total gossypol hematocrit, decreased hemoglobin, G., Rinchard J., et al. (2004) Effect of
increased reticulocytes, increased diets containing gossypol on blood
abnormal erythroctyes (keratocytes, parameters and spleen structure in
dacrocytes, schizocytes, knizocytes, tilapia, Oreochromis sp., reared in a
segmentation), spleen abnormalities recirculating system. J Fish Dis. 27:
at the higher dose levels 359 368
(hemosiderosis, melanosis, lymphoid
depletion, necrosis, splenic
vacuolation)
Fish 0.11% 0.16% in the diet Fed for 16 weeks. Decreased body Lee K.J., Dabrowski K., Blom J.H.,
(rainbow Total gossypol weight, decreased body weight gain, et al. (2002) A mixture of cottonseed
trout; decreased feed conversion, meal, soybean meal and animal
juvenile) decreased protein efficiency ratio, byproduct mixture as a fish meal
decreased hematocrit substitute: growth and tissue
gossypol enantiomer in juvenile
rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr
(Berl). 86: 201 213
Fish 142 619 ppm in the diet Fed for 9 months. Decreased Blom J.H., Lee K.J., Rinchard J.,
(rainbow Free gossypol hematocrit and hemoglobin, et al. (2001) Reproductive efficiency
trout) decreased fecundity of females, and maternal-offspring transfer of
decreased egg weight, decreased gossypol in rainbow trout
eye stage embryo survival, increased (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diets
early embryonic loss, gossypol containing cottonseed meal. J Anim
transferred to the eggs Sci. 79: 1533 1539
Fish 0.013% 0.059% in the diet Fed for up to 131 days. Reduced Dabrowski K., Rinchard J., Lee K.J.,
(rainbow Free gossypol hematocrit and hemoglobin, et al. (2000) Effects of diets
trout) reduced plasma protein, reduced containing gossypol on reproductive
seminal plasma protein capacity of rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Biol
Reprod. 62: 227 234