Page 334 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

Reproductive Toxicity and Endocrine Disruption Chapter | 17 301

VetBooks.ir TABLE 17.1 (Continued) Observed Effect(s) on Male

Xenobiotic
Non-steroidal antiinflammatories
Naproxen Decreased seminal prostaglandins; k sperm motility
Phenylbutazone Inhibition of sperm acrosome reaction; unknown effect on fertility
Sulfasalazine Decreased sperm number and motility
Glucocorticoids
Prednisone Decreased sperm number and motility; k testosterone
Herbicides
2,4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) Abnormal sperm quality; testicular degeneration; k fertility
Diquat and paraquat Altered sexual differentiation in the male
Solvents
Nitrobenzene Decreased sperm number and motility; testicular degeneration
Naphtha Decreased fertility
Phthalic acid esters
Diethylhexaphthalate (DEHP) Testicular atrophy
Gasoline additives
Ethylene dibromide Testicular degeneration and poor sperm quality
Insecticides
Carbamates Decreased sperm quality
Chlorinated hydrocarbons Testicular degeneration and atrophy
Methoxychlor Testicular degeneration associated with estrogenic activity
Kepone Decreased sperm number
Lindane High doses: testicular toxicant
In utero exposure: k sperm number and k testosterone in offspring
Organophosphates No information
Pyrethrins In vitro: 40 60% k in testosterone binding to androgen receptor
Fungicides/nematocides
DBCP (dibromochloropropane) Decreased sperm number; testicular toxicant
Fungicide
Vinclozolin Antiandrogen: disruption of male phenotypic sexual differentiation
Heavy metals
Cadmium High doses: ischemic necrosis of the testis
Chromium Decreased testosterone; k sperm number
Lead Decreased testosterone; k sperm number; k fertilization rates
Mercury Decreased sperm quality
Miscellaneous xenobiotics
Dioxin Decreased libido; abnormal sperm morphology; k response to GnRH
DBP (dibutyl phthalate) Altered sexual differentiation
PCBs Decreased sperm number; altered hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis
Gossypol Decreased sperm number
(Continued )