Page 289 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

Bland, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, UK.)
VetBooks.ir DCs derived from sheep peripheral blood monocytes express

MHC class II, CD11c, and are CD14-negative. pDC, cDC1 and cDC2
cells have been identified in this species.
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Pigs: Pigs have both cDCs and pDCs. Pig cDCs are CD172a ,
+/−
+/−
+
+
CD11R1 , CD1 , and CD80/86 , whereas their pDCs are CD172a ,
+
+/−
+/−
CD4 , CD1 , and CD80/86 . Both types secrete IL-10 and IL-12.
Porcine DCs also express FcγRII and FcγRIII and thus can be
activated by immune-complexes. They express TLRs and are
responsive to stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and CpG
dinucleotides. The functions of pig DCs have been characterized
based on their transcriptome. Thus pig blood pDCs are the major
source of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IFN-α, and some complement
components. Pig cDCs are most efficient in antigen presentation
and T cell stimulation.

It is of interest to note that pig pDCs produce IFN-α in response
to several common viruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis,
pseudorabies, and swine flu, but not porcine reproductive and

respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). This virus impairs antigen
presentation by cDCs and enhances their IL-10 production. It is not
surprising therefore that PRRSV causes persistent infection and
stimulates weak immunity.
Dogs: Dog DCs can be stimulated to differentiate by many

different cytokine mixtures, but the most widely employed is GM-
CSF plus interleukin-4. They resemble DCs in other species. There
+
are two main populations of canine DCs. One is MHC class II ,
+
−
+
+
+
CD11c , CD34 , and CD14 ; the other is MHC class II , CD34 , and
+
CD14 . CD40 is expressed on canine DCs but not on monocytes.
They produce a diverse array of cytokines. The precise mixture
produced depends on the stimulus employed but in general
resembles those produced in humans and mice. One unusual
feature is, however, the production of large amounts of IL-10, IL-12,
IL-13 and IFN-α by LPS-stimulated canine DCs. Canine DCs also
express functional CD1 molecules that can bind and present lipid

antigens to lymphocytes.
Cats: As in other species, these are readily induced by exposure to
+
+
GM-CSF and IL-4. Feline Langerhans cells are CD18 , MHC class II ,
+
+
CD1a , and CD4 . DCs from feline blood mononuclear cells are

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