Page 571 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

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FIG. 18.16 The destruction of Listeria monocytogenes when mixed
in vitro with cultures of normal macrophages and “activated”
macrophages from Listeria-infected mice.

Alternative Macrophage Activation

Macrophages activated under the influence of Th2 cytokines such
as IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 become M2 cells. M2 cells differ in receptor
expression, cytotoxic function, and cytokine production from M1

cells (Fig. 18.17). M2 cells are regulatory and antiinflammatory and
they promote the resolution of inflammation and wound repair.
They are protective in some parasitic diseases by walling off

parasites such as schistosomes. Instead of producing nitric oxide,
M2 cells use arginase to produce ornithine. They secrete large
quantities of IL-10 and IL-1RA.

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