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and acceptability that can be beneficial for
tourism research, but also raise the bar in
terms of research ambitions. No desirable
change in the tourism system is viable in
isolation from wider societal transformations
and creative sustainable models must adapt to
new challenges. Recent phenomena such as
climate change, a hypermobile society, and
new models of relationships through social
media (Budeanu, 2013) and the shared
economy (Dredge and Gyimóthy, 2015), add
new layers of complexity to tourism research
and practice. The influence of societal
phenomena is not new to this sector, but the
impetuous pace of recent social and
technological developments does add a sense
of urgency in developing and applying long-
term solutions. In this context, sustainability
becomes a fluid and adaptable concept that
covers multi-level transformations and
challenges.
A number of recent discussions of tourism and
sustainability have focused on the problems,
gaps and deficiencies in tourism practice and
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