Page 55 - DINQ MAGAZINE AUGUST 2021

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ments, as during
Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia’s History-Changing Dam the first five dy-
nasties from 3050
B.C.E. to 2480
B.C.E. Periods
Hail to thee, O Nile, that issues
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Hail to thee, O Nile, that issues
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In 3000 B.C.E., when the first H H a i l t o t h e e , O N i l e , t h a t i s s u e s with low water have brought famine
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Egyptian dynasty unified the lower from the earth and comes to keep and disorder. The Book of Genesis
from the earth and comes to keep
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Egypt alive! ……
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and upper parts of the Nile River, Egypt alive! … describes seven years of famine that
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He that waters the meadows which
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He that waters the meadows which
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there were no states in Eastern or H H e t h a t w a t e r s t h e m e a d o w s w h i c h historians associate with the drought
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He created …
He created ……

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Central Africa to challenge Egypt’s H H e c r e a t e d … of 1740 B.C.E.
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He that makes to drink the desert
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access to Nile waters. He that makes to drink the desert From the time of the Pharaohs
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… … … … until 1800 C.E., Egypt’s population
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He who makes barley and brings
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The Nile was a mysterious god: He who makes barley and brings rose and fell between 2 to 5 million,
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sometimes beneficent, sometimes emmer into being … due to food availability and epidem-
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vengeful. Floods between June and He who brings grass into being for ics. The irrigation projects of the
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He who brings grass into being for
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September, the months of peak flow, the cattle … 19th century Ottoman ruler
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the cattle ……
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could wipe out entire villages, drown- He who makes every beloved tree Mohammad Ali allowed year-around
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He who makes every beloved tree
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ing thousands of people. Floods also to grow … cultivation, causing population
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to grow ……
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brought the brown silt that nourished O, Nile, verdant art thou, who growth from 4 to 10 million. Since
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O, Nile, verdant art thou, who
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makes man and cattle to live.
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makes man and cattle to live..

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the delta, one of the world’s most m m a k e s m a n a n d c a t t l e t o l i v e . the opening of the Aswan High
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a
v
productive agricultural regions, feed- Dam in 1971, Egypt’s population
ing not only Egypt but many of its The Nile’s seasonal flooding is a has increased from about 30 to 83
central theme in million.
Egyptian history.

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T T
The Sources of the Nile
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The river flow fol- The Sources of the Nilee
lows regular pat-
terns, increasing be- Despite the extraordinary impor-
tween May 17 and tance of the Nile to people down-
July 6, peaking in stream, the origin of the great river
September, and then was a mystery until the middle twen-
receding until the tieth century. Herodotus speculated
next year. But the that the Nile arose between the
river volume is very peaks of Crophi and Mophi, south
unpredictable, as of the first cataract. In 140 C.E.
documented by Ptolemy suggested the source was
nilometers (multi- the Mountains of the Moon, in what
storied structures are now called the Ruwenzori Moun-
built in the river to tains in Uganda.
measure water
heights). Successive The 11th century Arab geogra-
empires of Pharaohs, pher al-Bakri postulated West Afri-
Greeks, Romans, can origins, confusing the Niger
Christian Copts, and River, which empties into the Atlan-
Muslims celebrated tic Ocean, with the Nile River. In
neighbors. the rising waters of the Nile and 1770 the Scottish explorer James
dreaded floods or droughts. Bruce claimed his discovery of the
The river’s central importance to source in Ethiopia, while in 1862
Egyptian life is captured in A Hymn Five millennia of Nile history John Hanning Speke thought he
to the Nile, recorded in Papyrus Sal- show how years with high water found it in Lake Victoria and the
lier II: have produced ample food, popula- equatorial lakes.

tion growth, and magnificent monu- To be continued on Sep. issue

55
DINQ MEGAZINE April 2021 STAY SAFE 55
DINQ magazine August 2021 Stay Safe

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