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difference was smaller but still significant, at 39% and There are, however, drawbacks associated with this
15% respectively. However, for the older ages the trend level of mobility. Firstly, a number of resorts, even
changed: there was actually a lower percentage of whole countries, have so many tourists that the culture
61–75 year olds in large urban areas using public and environment are severely damaged. For example,
transport (9%) than others (18%), though for those in the traditional crafts are replaced by the manufacturing
oldest age bracket the figures reversed (15% and 6%). of cheap trinkets and local singing and dancing are
It is noteworthy that there is a more marked fluctuation packaged for tourist consumption. Because tourists stay
across age groups for city dwellers: starting at 39% for the for only a short time they often don’t care if they behave
youngest, the figure rises to 66% before dropping sharply badly or litter the streets. Secondly, although the
to a low of 9%. By contrast, figures for those living outside hospitality industry does bring employment, it tends to
big cities hold fairly steady, with a high of 26% for be precarious because much of it is seasonal, with long
16–30 year olds and a low of 6% for the oldest group. periods of the year offering no work. The income from
tourism is unevenly distributed, with a small number
WRiTing TASk 2 of big businesses (e.g. property developers) making

Sample answer a lot of money but the majority of people working for
In the last few decades there has been a significant low wages as waiters or guides. Related to this is the
increase in the number of opportunities for fact that money spent by tourists is seldom retained by
international travel, with more transport routes and the local economy: profits are frequently taken out by
cheaper fares. multinational corporations. Finally, international travel
adds to greenhouse gases, leading to harmful climate
There are undoubtedly benefits flowing from this change.
growth in international tourism. People now have a
greater awareness of other cultures than was the case In my view, despite the advantages of travel to both
even one generation ago. Travelling widely to enjoy tourists and host countries, these do not compensate
such things as the art, customs and cuisine of different for the damage inflicted on the environment, social
countries used to be the preserve of the wealthy classes. structures and individuals by mass tourism.
Now even the less well off have access to them.