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ii, Read part of a song about  the Vietnam  War. What  is the  J6  6b  fnCO Listen  to an extract from Catch-22. in which  the
            songwriter's  attitude  to the war? Find evidence  in the [yrics to
                                                                    main characterYossarian  explains  his fear of combat to another
            support your  answer.
                                                                    soldier,  Clevinger.  Which character gets angry and why?
                                                                    6b  TRCD Listen again and write Yossarian's  two missing
                                                                 "q
                                                                    lines. Do you thinl<  his argument mal<es sense?  Why?/Why
                                                                    not?
             Farewell  my wistful Saigon bride                      'No one's trying to kitt you,' Clevinger  cried.
             l'm going out to stem the tide                                   ?'Yossarian asked.
             A tide that never  saw the seas                        'They're shooting  at everyone,' Ctevinger ansWered. 'They're
             It flows through  jungles,  round the trees            trying to kilI everyone.'
           s Some say it's yellow, some say red                     ,
             It will not matter when we're dead                        -*-?'
                                                                 S  ffi-ffi1ffiffi  ln pairs,  look at the tittes of some fitms about  the
             How many dead men will it take                         Vietnam  War. Then discuss the questions below.
             To build a dike that will not break?
             How many children must we kili                         Apocalypse  Now         Good Morning Vietnam
           ro Before we make the waves  stand still?                AWOL                    Missing  in Action
                                                                    Born on the Fourth  of Julv  Platoon
                                                                    The Deer Hunter         The Walking  Dead
         H  Discuss  the questions. Give reasons for your  opinions.  Full MetalJacket      We Were Soldiers
            1 Who  is the singer, do you  thinl<?
                                                                    1 Do you enioy watching war films?  What do you [il<e or
            2 Who  is the Saigon  bride?
                                                                       dislike  about them?
            3 What is the significance  of the words yellow and red
                                                                    2 Why is the theme of war so popular with film-makers  and
              (tine  5)?
                                                                       audiences?
         3  Read the text about  the Vietnam  War and answer the    3 Can a war film ever convey an anti-war message? How?
            questions below  in your own words.
            1 Why did Britain and the USA help create South  Vietnam?
                                                                  singers, musicians, artists and students, but with a few
            2 Who were the Viet Cong?
                                                                  high-profile  celebrities from Hollywood  and the media
            3 Why was it difficult for the US government to resolve  adding their voices  to the protests.  As more and more
              the conflict?                                       American troops were killed, the government  struggled to
            4 ln what sense  did the Americans lose the war, bearing  find a peaceful  solution  which wouldn't  look like a defeat.
              in mind their original  aims?                         ln 1972, the Americans intensified their bombing
                                                                  campaign against North Vietnam while at the same time
                                                                  seeking  a peace settlement. ln 1973,  the Paris PeaceTreaty
            WHENWORLDWARTWO  ended  in 1945, the small            was agreed and US troops  leftVietnam.  However, two
            South-East Asian country of Vietnam,  which had been  years later North Vietnam took control  of the south and
            under French  control for many  years,  hoped to gain  the country was reunited as a Communist  state which
            independence  at last. But the French  had other ideas.  survives to this day. According to Joseph Hellet author
            Britain and the USA were also unhappy with the idea of an  of the famous anti-war novel Catch-22, the Americans
            independent  Vietnam because  they feared  it could embrace  brought  peace  to Vietnam 'in the same way Napolean
            Communism, seen as the big enemy  by the West at that  brought  peace  to Europe:  by losing.'
            time.  So when the French were defeated  by the Vietnamese  t
            in 1954, the Americans  stepped in. Vietnam  was split in
            two. and an anti-Communist  state was formed  in the
            south, supported financially  and militarily by the USA.
              North Vietnam's ambition  was to reunite  the two halves
            of the country, and they were aided by various groups
            within South Vietnam too, who were known as the Viet
            Cong. SouthVietnam  needed  more and more American
            assistance,  until the USA found itself fighting a full-scale
            war in South-EastAsia. Casualties  were high on both
            sides,  but there was no clear way to resolve  the conflict.
            An anti-war movement formed  in the USA, mainly  among

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     146  8'' Culture' Vietnam
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