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3 reading • An epic adventure 3 LANgUAge fOCUs • Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous
I can talk about actions which have been in progress.
I can identify an author’s audience and intention.
exercise 2 e 1.26
THINK! What’s the longest journey you’ve ever done? What’s the longest time you’ve been away 1 Study the examples of the present perfect simple 4 Complete the sentences with the correct PrONUNCIATION: /æ/ and /ə/
from your home? and continuous from the blog on page 32. Then present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. Model the two sounds in isolation, then
complete rules 1–3. 1 I (swim) in the Atlantic.
Rachel Ridley Present perfect simple 2 They (run) for hours, so play the audio for students to listen and
I remember it clearly.
decide how have and has are pronounced
She has stopped off in Mexico …
they’re feeling tired.
‘It hasn’t been always easy or fun.’
HOME ABOUT CONTACT FOLLOW ‘I’ve worked hard.’ 3 We (visit) Argentina a when they are not stressed. Check the
Present perfect continuous couple of times. answer with the class, then elicit that the
Liz Clark has been living that dream … weak pronunciation is used in questions,
Follow the dream I’ve been following her inspirational blog … 4 (you / sit) in the sun for
Hey! Do you dream of exotic places? Of trips to distant deserts and Adverts on Liz’s blog have been paying for her long? Your face is very red. but the strong pronunciation is used in
mountains? Do you dream of adventure? Well, Liz Clark has been trip. negatives and short answers. Play the
living that dream, and I’ve been following her inspirational blog. 5 Use IT! Work in pairs. Ask and audio again, pausing after each question
rULes answer questions using the present perfect
After finishing university, Liz learned to sail as one of her old continuous, the words in the box and the and answer for students to repeat.
23 March, 3.29 p.m. professors offered to lend her his yacht for as long as she wanted it. 1 The present perfect continuous is formed by: ideas below.
rd
In October 2005, she set off on her journey. Liz found it hard to subject + have(n’t) / (n’t) + do feel listen live speak use ANSWer
leave behind her friends and family, but she's been travelling to many + verb + -ing. We pronounce have and has with the /ə/
fascinating places for over fifteen years. Among other countries, she has 2 The present perfect simple / continuous … English recently? What music … to recently?
stopped off in Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama and the Galapagos Islands. describes general life experiences or recent sound when they are weak.
events. … in this town for long? How … lately?
When she stops somewhere, she surfs, does yoga and writes 3 The present perfect simple / continuous also What … all day? How long … this book?
her blog. Adverts on Liz's blog have been paying for her trip. describes events in the past that are still exercise 3
There are beautiful beaches, crystal clear water and perfect happening now. It emphasises the duration
surf in her photos. Have you been speaking a lot of English recently? Read out the Remember! box and elicit
of the activity.
But life on the ocean can also be difficult. 'It feels so great to one or two more verbs that are not used
inspire others to live their dreams,' says Liz, 'I've worked hard Yes, I have. I’ve been talking to my pen pal online. in continuous forms, e.g. think and believe.
and it hasn't always been easy or fun.' 2 1.26 prONUNCIATION: /æ/ and /ə/ Students read the text and choose the
Listen to the examples. How do we
She also gets very lonely, but she keeps going. She's looking pronounce have and has when they are weak correct verb forms. Check answers with
for some company on the boat to stay with her as she carries forms?
on her journey around the world. Liz, I think I'll join you! the class.
Does anyone else want some adventure? Have (/ə/) you been travelling?
Yes, I have (/æ/). ANSWerS
Has (/ə/) it been fun? Sophie 1 it’s been 2 I’ve been sitting
Yes, it has (/æ/), but it
1 Read the blog post and answer the questions 3 VOCABULAry pLUs Use a dictionary to hasn’t (/æ/) been easy, and 3 I haven’t been using 4 I’ve taken
to identify the purpose of the text. check the meaning of the phrases in blue in the weather has (/ə/) been 5 we’ve been having
1 Who is writing? Why? the text. terrible.
2 Who is the author writing for?
3 What question does she want her readers 4 Use IT! Work in pairs. Think of three exercise 4
to answer? advantages and three disadvantages of going Some verbs that aren’t possible Students complete the sentences with
on a trip on your own. in the continuous form:
2 1.25 Read and listen to the text again be have got know like the correct present perfect forms. Check
and answer the questions. love hate 21 likes answers with the class.
1 How long has Liz Clark been travelling? Sophie Hey George, how are you? We’re still on
2 How did she get her yacht? our trip in Kenya and it’s been / it’s been being ANSWerS
1
3 What does Liz do when she stops 3 Read the text and choose fantastic. I’ve been sitting / I’ve sat in a jeep for 1 have swum 2 have been running
2
somewhere? the correct form of the the last three hours and the animals don’t seem
3
4 How does Liz pay for her trip? verbs. shy. I haven’t been using / I haven’t used 3 have visited 4 Have you been sitting
5 Why does Rachel offer to join Liz on her binoculars because they come very close. Look
at this photo which I’ve been taking / I’ve taken
4
journey? from the jeep. This is such a great experience – exercise 5 USe IT!
5 we’ve had / we’ve been having a great time.
I don’t want it to end! Put students into pairs to prepare their
32 Adventure Adventure 33 questions. Ask some pairs to read their
questions to the class. Correct any errors
in the question formation, and check that
Language focus • words. Check answers with the class. With students understand all the questions.
Present perfect simple weaker classes, do this exercise with the Allow students time to prepare their
whole class.
answers to the questions individually. They
and present perfect ANSWerS then work in pairs to ask and answer the
continuous 1 has, been 2 simple 3 continuous questions. Put pairs together into groups
of four to ask and answer their questions
Language note again. Ask some students to tell the class
Aim something they learned about their
Talk about actions which have been in The present perfect simple and present classmates.
perfect continuous have quite similar
progress. meanings, but the present perfect ANSWerS
simple emphasizes actions or events, Students’ own answers.
Warm-up and the present perfect continuous More practice
Refer students back to the blog on emphasizes the duration of an event, Workbook page 21
page 32. Ask what students can remember e.g. She has travelled a lot = she travelled Practice Kit Grammar 5
about Liz. Ask: What places has she visited? a lot at some point in the past, and
How long has she been travelling? Elicit a this is still important now. She’s been Assessment
few ideas and write on the board: She’s travelling for over fifteen years = this has Five-minute test, Teacher’s Resource Disk
visited Mexico. She’s been travelling for (over) continued for all this time and is still
fifteen years. Underline the verbs and elicit continuing.
or explain that they are the present perfect We cannot use continuous forms with
simple and continuous forms. stative verbs: How long have you known
Tom? (NOT How long have you been
exercise 1 knowing Tom?)
Students study the sentences and
complete the rules with the correct
Unit 3 T43