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F ORUM                                                                          TEACHINGS  |  EASTERN HORIZON     555

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           circumstances, then one can resort   wings that work together for flying   to do that for one’s other virtuous
           to equanimity by accepting the    or two eyes that work together to   actions.
           fact that we are all products or   see deeply.                      Min Wei: In fact, real happiness or
           victims of causes and conditions                                    love always brings joy not only to us,
           oftentimes beyond our control.    Dadul: We do not start out with the   but also to the ones we love. If our
           Despair should not happen if      will power or the capacity to solve   happiness or love does not bring joy
           one truly understands that since   all the problems that exist. Nor   to both of us, it is not true love or
           we are all products of causes     does our practice of these positive   happiness. However, we should not
           and conditions, all the time and   attitudes immediately bring us all   give up one’s own welfare, even for
           effort expended to deal with      the confidence and clarity to face   the sake of much welfare to others.
           such adversity also contribute    the setbacks of ourselves and others.
           to the ever changing causes and   One has to go slowly in pace with   Some commentators have said that
           conditions and may help to bring   the growth of one’s inner strengths.   sympathetic joy means the happi-
           about the desired outcomes to     While persisting with our inner   ness we feel when others are happy.
           some extent. Even if they don’t, be   work, we should focus on where   However, the explanation is too
           satisfied that at least we tried our   we can have impact, no matter how   limited. It discriminates between self
           best and we should accept that    small that effort may feel. We have   and others. In fact, real sympathetic
           there are other more powerful     to aim at creative, effective, and   joy should be filled with peace and
           causes and conditions at work.    realistic solution to problems that   contentment. We rejoice when we
                                             are within our power to shift. Also,   see others happy, and of course we
           Min Wei: Mahāyāna Buddhism        we practice to not get fixated on and   rejoice in our own well-being as
           greatly emphasized our            stuck in our own feelings of suffering   well. How can we feel joy for another
           compassionate work must be        that may arise in relation to seeing   person when we do not feel joy for
           accompanied along with wisdom to   the suffering of others. This mind   ourselves? Joy is for everyone.
           ensure we achieve the right effect.   caught up in its own suffering is not
                                             able to be so helpful and can even   Dadul: Scriptures emphasize that
           Wisdom without compassion leads   cause more harm. With a heartfelt   it is equally important to rejoice in
           to suffering, as we should also take   desire to be of real help, our focus is   one’s own virtuous actions. Certain
           care of ourselves during the process   shifted from our own suffering to a   texts suggest rejoicing in the innate
           in benefitting others. Wisdom is the   mind intent on doing what it can to   Buddha potential in oneself and
           result of understanding the true   support the sufferer. This empathic   others, something that we each,
           nature of all things. We usually go   concern is a natural step toward the   always possess. All the virtuous
           through our lives seeing the world   mind of compassion that moves into   deeds are nothing but incidental
           from our ego-based perception.    action to benefit, even if that benefit   expressions of that nature. Keeping
           Therefore, we have to understand   is simply a calm and loving presence.   the practice of muditā from falling
           boundaries and the way in                                           into self-adulation, arrogance, and
           benefitting others to the best.    When we mention sympathetic      conceit would require us to generate
                                             joy (muditā), it is always referring   a realistic assessment of the
           Compassion without wisdom is      to rejoicing in the goodness or   situation and circumstances around
           often misguided. We should always   happiness of others. It is possible   the achievement, and appreciation
           contemplate how to truly relieve   to rejoice in one’s own virtuous   of the far-reaching benefits that
           others’ suffering, and how should   actions, but without it becoming   may accrue from it. Scriptures
           we go about etc. All these require   self-adulation, arrogance and   mention that rejoicing in one’s
           wisdom.                           conceit?                          own and others’ virtues is the least
                                                                               laborious yet the most effective way
           Therefore, in order to have a truly   Aggacitta: Among the 10       of accumulating more merit from
           balanced and complete compassion,   recollections (anussatis), two   existing merit.
           we must develop both wisdom       are about cultivating joy when
           and compassion. In some Buddhist   reflecting on one’s own virtuous   For equanimity to arise, one
           teachings, wisdom and compassion   moral conduct and liberality. So by   needs to cultivate an attitude of
           are sometimes compared to two     corollary, it should also be possible   non-attachment towards people
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