Page 127 - PG 101-Course notes مذكرة النظري 24-25 with spec

Medicinal plants (PG 101) Level 1 Clinical Pharmacy-PharmD

• Taxonomy is the science of describing, naming, and classification of
organisms. Classification means: the ordering of organisms into a hierarchy

that reflects their essential similarities and differences or arranging organisms
into groups (ranks) based on their similarities.

✓ The name (Taxonomy) is derived from the Greek words “Taxis” and
“Nomos”, which means order and law.

Definitions:

A taxon is a particular group ranked at a categorical level.

Species: A group of organisms “Plants” having a large number of

characteristics in common, the capacity to breed together

forming fertile offspring and originated from a common

ancestor.

Genus: A group of closely related species having no ability to

interbreed together, or if they do so, they form sterile hybrids

Family: A group of related, similar genera. It is below order and
above genus.

Order: A group of related, similar families. Ancestors are more

remote.

Class: A group of related, similar orders have fewer characteristics

in common.

Division A group of, similar classes. Division is used in the

(Phylum): classification of prokaryotes, algae, fungi, and plants.

Phylum is used in the classification of protozoa and

animals.

Kingdom: A group of related similar divisions or phyla.

98