Page 215 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

Identification:

a) Thymol + glacial acetic acid + 6 drops of H2SO4 + 1drop of HNO3 → deep bluish-green
colour.

b) Add few crystals of thymol to 3 ml NaOH and heat a pale red color is produced. Shake
with 2 ml CHC13 to get reddish-violet color in the organic layer

C)Dissolving thymol in conc. H2SO4 gives violet color due to formation of thymol sulfonic
acid.
Uses of Thymol:

• Antiseptic

• Antifungal

• Anthelmentic

• Antioxidant, free radical scavenger

• Hepatoprotective

• Immunostimulant
• Could help in treatment of cough

2- Carvacrol:

• obtained from the oil Thymus capitatus and oregano.

• Carvacrol preparation and chemical properties are similar to those of thymol with few
differences.

Uses: 1- Antibacterial (cause disruption of the bacteria membrane)

2- Food additive that prevent bacterial contamination.
(used due to its low toxicity and its pleasant taste)

3- Anti-inflammatory
-When carvacrol or thymol dissolved in conc. H2SO4, diluted and oxidized with KMnO4,
K2CrO4 or Manganese dioxide a yellow plates of thymoquine are produced .

• Thymoquinone is present in the oil of Nigella sativa

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