Page 280 - Pharmacognosy 2 PG303

Pharmacognosy-2 (PG303) Level 2 Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D

Liquorice سوسقرع Ginger ليبجنز Curcuma Galangal
(Sweet Root) rhizome مكرك Rhizome ناجن ل وقلا

(turmeric)
Origin Dried peeled or unpeeled root Dried rhizomes of Zingiber Dried prepared rhizomes Dried rhizomes of Alpinia

and rhizome (stolon) of officinale family of Curcuma domestica officinarum
Glycyrrhiza glabra L .family Zingiberaceae ,deprived of family Zingiberaceae family Zingiberaceae
Leguminosae most of its roots known as

(
(Fabaceae unpeeled or Jamaica ginger .

Active ■ 2-15% Triterpenoid ■ 1-3% volatile oils ▪ Curcumin )crystalline ▪ Small % of volatile oils
constituents Saponins (Zingiberene is the main yellow substance ( (cineole is the main
✓ Glycyrrihizin constituent) ▪ 5% of volatile oils. constituent)
✓ 24-hydroxy Glycyrrihizin ■ Viscid oily resinous ▪ Resin. ▪ Oily pungent resin
(50-100) times as sweet as liquid known as ▪ Gelatinized starch. (galangol)
sucrose. (gingerols) to ▪ Flavonoids )galangin
■ Flavanoids and which its pungency is due. and its mono-methyl
isoflvonoids  The pungency is ether)
(Phytoestrogens) . destroyed on boiling
with alkali.
Chemical 1) Shake with water ,a (1) Few drops of mixture of
.
tests permanent froth is formed (Conc. H₂SO₄/ 95%
2) powdered alcohol), then sprinkle a
liquorice+66%H2SO4 gives small amount of powder,
orange red color. particles of curcuma turn
red.

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